Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T13:04:04.408Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Uptake and Action of Metribuzin in Soybeans (Glycine max) and Two Weed Species as Monitored by Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

William H. Ahrens
William H. Ahrens*
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Terminal fluorescence (FT) was monitored following root or foliar uptake of metribuzin in soybean, velvetleaf, and smooth pigweed seedlings grown in solution culture. These species are known to be tolerant, moderately susceptible, and susceptible, respectively, to metribuzin under field conditions. The indirect monitoring of herbicide metabolism by fluorescence is complicated by several factors (particularly photoinhibition) and is difficult to interpret when plants are kept in the light. Rapid declines in FT at metribuzin concentrations causing high photosystem II reaction center inhibition were interpreted, in conjunction with fresh weight and injury data, as resulting from photoinhibition in velvetleaf and smooth pigweed, and from a combination of photoinhibition and herbicide metabolism in soybeans. At lower concentrations, FT declines were apparently not affected by photoinhibition but were probably representative of herbicide metabolism. These results suggested a significant rate of metribuzin metabolism in soybeans, a minor degree of metabolism in smooth pigweed beginning after 12 h, and no detectable metabolism in velvetleaf. FT monitored over a 24-h dark period following foliar absorption showed declines in soybeans indicating a modest degree of metribuzin metabolism (at intermediate herbicide doses) but no FT declines attributable to herbicide metabolism in velvetleaf or smooth pigweed. Results indicate that the inhibition of a high percentage of photosystem II reaction centers is required before photoinhibition and photooxidative leaf damage can result from photosystem II inhibitor herbicides such as metribuzin.

Keywords

Metribuzin, 4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-onesoybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Essex’velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ♯3 ABUTHsmooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. ♯ AMACHPhotoinhibitionmetabolism
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 5 , September 1989 , pp. 631 - 638
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Ahrens, W. H., Amtzen, C. J., and Stoller, E. W. 1981. Chlorophyll fluorescence assay for the determination of triazine resistance. Weed Sci. 29:316–322.Google Scholar
2. Ashton, F. M. and Crafts, A. S. 1981. Mode of Action of Herbicides. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York.Google Scholar
3. Brewer, P. E., Arntzen, C. J., and Slife, F. W. 1979. Effects of atrazine, cyanazine, and procyazine on the photochemical reactions of isolated chloroplasts. Weed Sci. 27:300–308.Google Scholar
4. Briantais, J. M., Vernotte, C., Picaud, M., and Krause, G. H. 1980. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a probe for the determination of the photoinduced proton gradient in isolated chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 591:198–202.Google Scholar
5. Briantais, J. M., Vernotte, C., Krause, G. H., and Weis, E. 1985. Chlorophyll fluorescence of higher plants: chloroplasts and leaves. Pages 539–583 in Govindjee, , Amesz, J., and Fork, D. C., eds. Light Emission by Plants and Bacteria. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
6. Cadahia, E., Ducret, J. M., and Gaillardon, P. 1982. Whole leaf fluorescence as a quantitative probe of detoxification of the herbicide chlortoluron in wheat. Chemosphere 11:361–367.Google Scholar
7. Critchley, C. and Smillie, R. M. 1981. Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of high light stress (photoinhibition) in Cucumis sativus L. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 8:133–141.Google Scholar
8. Daniell, H., Sarojini, G., Kumarachinnayan, P., and Kulandaivelu, G. 1981. Action of propanil on in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence in Echinochloa crus-galli and rice. Weed Res. 21:171–177.Google Scholar
9. Devlin, D. L., Gealy, D. R., and Morrow, L. A. 1987. Differential metabolism of metribuzin by downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci. 35:741–745.Google Scholar
10. Dodge, A. D. 1982. The role of light and oxygen in the action of photosynthetic inhibitor herbicides. Pages 57–77 in Moreland, D. E., St. John, J. B., and Hess, F. D., eds. Biochemical Responses Induced by Herbicides. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
11. Ducret, J. M., Gaillardon, P., and Vienot, J. 1984. Use of chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics to study translocation and detoxication of DCMU-type herbicides in plant leaves. Z. Naturforsch. 39c:354–358.Google Scholar
12. Duysens, L.N.M. and Sweers, H. E. 1963. Mechanisms of two photochemical reactions in algae as studied by means of fluorescence. Pages 353–372 in Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, eds. Studies on Microalgae and Photosynthetic Bacteria. Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.Google Scholar
13. Gawronski, S. W., Haderlie, L. C., and Stark, J. C. 1986. Metribuzin absorption and translocation in two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars. Weed Sci. 34:491–495.Google Scholar
14. Habash, D., Percival, M. P., and Baker, N. R. 1985. Rapid chlorophyll fluorescence technique for the study of penetration of photosynthetically active herbicides into leaf tissue. Weed Res. 25:389–395.Google Scholar
15. Havaux, M. and Lannoye, R. 1985. Drought resistance of hard wheat cultivars measured by a rapid chlorophyll fluorescence test. J. Agric. Sci. 104:501–504.Google Scholar
16. Horton, P. and Black, M. T. 1980. Activation of adenosine 5′-triphosphate-induced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by reduced plastoquinone. FEBS Lett. 119:141–144.Google Scholar
17. Kok, B., Gassner, E. B., and Rurainski, H. J. 1965. Photoinhibition of chloroplast reactions. Photochem. Photobiol. 4:215–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Krause, G. H. 1973. The high-energy state of the thylakoid system as indicated by chlorophyll fluorescence and chloroplast shrinkage. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 292:715–728.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Krause, G. H. 1978. Effects of uncouplers on Mg2+-dependent fluorescence quenching in isolated chloroplasts. Planta 138:73–78.Google Scholar
20. Krause, G. H. and Weis, E. 1984. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant physiology. II. Interpretation of fluorescence signals. Photosyn. Res. 5:139–157.Google Scholar
21. Krause, G. H., Kirk, M., Heber, U., and Osmond, C. B. 1978. O2-dependent inhibition of photosynthetic capacity in intact isolated chloroplasts and isolated cells from spinach leaves illuminated in the absence of CO2 . Planta 142:229–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Mangeot, B. L., Slife, F. W., and Rieck, C. E. 1979. Differential metabolism of metribuzin by two soybean (Glycine max) cultivars. Weed Sci. 27:267–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Melcarek, P. K. and Brown, G. N. 1977. The effects of chilling stress on the chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves. Plant Cell Physiol. 18:1099–1107.Google Scholar
24. Mills, J. D., Telfer, A., and Barber, J. 1976. Cation control of chlorophyll a fluorescence yield in chloroplasts. Location of cation sensitive sites. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 440:495–505.Google Scholar
25. Mullet, J. E. and Arntzen, C. J. 1981. Identification of a 32–34 kDa polypeptide as a herbicide receptor protein in photosystem II. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 635:236–248.Google Scholar
26. Papageorgiou, G. 1975. Chlorophyll fluorescence: an intrinsic probe of photosynthesis. Pages 319–371 in Govindjee, , ed. Bioenergetics of Photosynthesis. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
27. Powles, S. B. 1984. Photoinhibition of photosynthesis induced by visible light. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 35:15–44.Google Scholar
28. Renger, G. and Schulze, A. 1985. Quantitative analysis of fluorescence induction curves in isolated spinach chloroplasts. Photobiochem. Photobiophys. 9:79–87.Google Scholar
29. Richard, E. P., Goss, J. R., Arntzen, C. J., and Slife, F. W. 1983. Determination of herbicide inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport by fluorescence. Weed Sci. 31:361–367.Google Scholar
30. Ridley, S. M. and Horton, P. 1984. DCMU-induced fluorescence changes and photodestruction of pigments associated with an inhibition of photosystem I cyclic electron flow. Z. Naturforsch. 39c:351–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Satoh, K. 1970. Mechanism of photoinactivation in photosynthetic systems. I. The dark reaction in photoinactivation. Plant Cell Physiol. 11: 15–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32. Shaw, D. R., Peeper, T. F., and Nofziger, D. L. 1986. Evaluation of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters for an intact-plant herbicide bioassay. Crop Sci. 26:756–760.Google Scholar
33. Siggel, U., Renger, G., Stiehl, H. H., and Rumberg, B. 1972. Evidence for electronic and ionic interaction between electron transport chains in chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 256:328–335.Google Scholar
34. Smillie, R. M. and Gibbons, G. C. 1981. Heat tolerance and heat hardening in crop plants measured by chlorophyll fluorescence. Carlsberg Res. Comm. 46:395–403.Google Scholar
35. Smillie, R. M. and Nott, R. 1982. Salt tolerance in crop plants monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo . Plant Physiol. 70:1049–1054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36. Smillie, R. M. and Hetherington, S. E. 1983. Stress tolerance and stress-induced injury in crop plants measured by chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo . Plant Physiol. 72:1043–1050.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37. Smith, A. E. and Wilkinson, R. E. 1974. Differential absorption, translocation and metabolism of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] by soybean cultivars. Physiol. Plant. 32: 253–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38. Voss, M., Renger, G., Kotter, C., and Graber, P. 1984. Fluorometric detection of photosystem II herbicide penetration and detoxification in whole leaves. Weed Sci. 32:675–680.Google Scholar
39. Voss, M., Renger, G., Graber, P., and Kotter, C. 1984. Measurements of penetration and detoxification of PSII herbicides in whole leaves by a fluorometric method. Z. Naturforsch. 39c:359–361.Google Scholar