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Weed management in bromoxynil-resistant Gossypium hirsutum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Mary D. Paulsgrove  and
John W. Wilcut
Mary D. Paulsgrove
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
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Abstract

An experiment was conducted at two locations in Georgia and two locations in North Carolina during 1994 and 1995 to evaluate weed management in conventional-tillage bromoxynil-resistant Gossypium hirsutum L. (cotton). The weed management systems evaluated included different combinations of fluometuron preemergence (PRE), bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA early postemergence (EPOST), bromoxynil postemergence (POST), and cyanazine plus MSMA late post-directed (LAYBY). Fluometuron PRE improved control of Acanthospermum hisptdium DC. (bristly starbur), Cassia occidentalis L. (coffee senna), Chenopodium album L. (common lambsquarters), Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. (Florida beggarweed), Sida spinosa L. (prickly sida), Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. (smallflower morningglory), and Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. (spurred anoda), compared to system that did not use fluometuron PRE. It also improved G. hirsutum yields at three four locations. Bromoxynil-containing systems provided better weed control and higher G. hirsutum yields than systems without bromoxynil. Bromoxynil EPOST controlled A. hispidium, C. occidentalis, C. album, D. tortuosum, S. spinosa, J. tamnifolia, and A. cristata. Control of these species was frequently improved by a second application of bromoxynil POST. Bromoxynil EPOST, POST, or EPOST plus POST did not control Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby (sicklepod), but the addition of MSMA to bromoxynil EPOST improved S. obtusifolia control. Control of all dicotyledonous weeds was improved by a LAYBY treatment of cyanazine plus MSMA, and yields were improved at three of four locations with this treatment. Gossypium hirsutum was not injured by POST treatments of bromoxynil, and only temporary injury resulted from POST treatments of MSMA.

Keywords

BromoxynilcyanazinefluometuronMSMAAcanthospermum hispidium DC. ACNHI, bristly starburCassia occidentalis L. CASOC, coffee sennaChenopodium album L. CHEAL, common lambsquartersDesmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. DEDTO, Florida beggarweedSida spinosa L. SIDSP, prickly sidaJacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. IAQTA, smallflower morningglorySenna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby CASOB, sicklepodAnoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. ANVCR, spurred anodaGossypium hirsutum L. ‘BXN 57,’ cottonGossypium hirsutum yieldherbicide-resistant cropscyanazinefluometuronMSMAACNHICASOCCHEALDEDTOSIDSPIAQTACASOBANVCR
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 47 , Issue 5 , October 1999 , pp. 596 - 601
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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