Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T00:06:46.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weed seed production, crop planting pattern, and mechanical weeding in wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Shana K. Mertens  and
J. (Hans) Jansen
J. (Hans) Jansen
Affiliation:
Biometris, 6700 AC Wageningen, The Netherlands
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Experiments were carried out to investigate weed seed production in widely spaced spring wheat crops that received aggressive mechanical weed control (hoeing and harrowing) compared with that in narrowly spaced crops receiving less aggressive mechanical control (harrowing only). Three species (wild buckwheat [Polygonum convolvulus], ladysthumb [Polygonum persicaria], and common chickweed [Stellaria media]) were studied in three row-spacing treatments (10, 20, and 30 cm) and two sowing densities (140 and 180 kg ha−1). Average seed production per surviving plant was up to three times higher in the 30-cm treatments compared with the 10-cm treatments. Taking into account the 40–50% weed mortality resulting from control in the 30-cm treatments, seed production per seedling was still higher in the 30-cm treatments than in the 10-cm treatments. Differences in wheat yield were not found among treatments. From the perspective of long-term weed population management, using a narrow row spacing would be more effective in spring wheat on the basis of experiments with the weed species considered here.

Keywords

Ladysthumb, Polygonum persicaria L., POLPEwild buckwheat, Polygonum convolvulus L., POLCOcommon chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill., STEMEwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Mechanical hoeorganic farmingspring-tine harrowrow spacingsowing densityweed–crop competitionweed population management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 50 , Issue 6 , December 2002 , pp. 748 - 756
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Current address: Biomathematics Unit, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom

References

Literature Cited

[AB-DLO] Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility. 1997. Excursiegids. Dr. H. J. Lovinhoeve Ecologisch Proefbedrij. Wageningen: AB-DLO. 42 p.Google Scholar
Black, J. N. and Wilkinson, G. N. 1963. The role of time of emergence in determining the growth of individual plants in swards of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 14:628–638.Google Scholar
Champion, G. T., Froud-Williams, R. J., and Holland, J. M. 1998. Interactions between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, row spacing and density and the effect on weed suppression and crop yield. Ann. Appl. Biol. 133:443–453.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. and Mortimer, M. 1995. Dynamics of Weed Populations. Cambridge, Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. pp. 180–181.Google Scholar
de Vos, J. A., Hesterberg, D., and Raats, P.A.C. 2000. Nitrate leaching in a tile-drained silt loam soil. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64:517–527.Google Scholar
Fowler, N. L. 1984. The role of germination date, spatial arrangement, and neighbourhood effects in competitive interactions in Linum . J. Ecol. 72:307–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holliday, R. 1963. The effect of row width on the yield of cereals. Field Crop Abstr. 16:71–81.Google Scholar
Koscelny, J. A., Peeper, T. F., Solie, J. B., and Solomon, S. G. Jr. 1991. Seeding date, seeding rate, and row spacing affect wheat (Triticum aestivum) and cheat (Bromus secalinus). Weed Technol. 5:707–712.Google Scholar
[LNV] Ministerie van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer, en Visserij. 2000. Een biologische markt te winnen: beleidsnota biologische landbouw 2001–2004. ‘s Gravenhagen: LNV. 22 p.Google Scholar
Lucas, S. and Pau Vall, M. 1999. Pesticides in the European Union. http://europa.eu.int/comm/agriculture/envir/report/en/pest_en/report_en.htm In Agriculture, Environment, Rural Development: Facts and Figures—A Challenge for Agriculture. European Commission.Google Scholar
Medd, R. W., Auld, B. A., Kemp, D. R., and Murison, R. D. 1985. The influence of wheat density and spatial arrangement on annual ryegrass, Lolium rigidum, competition. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 36:361–371.Google Scholar
Neter, J., Kutner, M. H., Nachtsheim, C. J., and Wasserman, W. 1996. Applied Linear Statistical Models. 4th ed. Chicago, IL: Irwin. pp. 1164–1206.Google Scholar
Rasmussen, J. 1992. Testing harrows for mechanical control of annuals weeds in agricultural crops. Weed Res. 32:267–274.Google Scholar
Rasmussen, J. and Ascard, J. 1995. Weed Control in Organic Farming Systems. Pages 50–67 In Glen, D. M., Greaves, M. P., and Anderson, H. M., eds. Ecology and Integrated Farming Systems. Chichester, Great Britain: J. Wiley.Google Scholar
Samson, D. A. and Werk, K. S. 1986. Size-dependent effects in the analysis of reproductive effort in plants. Am. Nat. 127:667–680.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. 1998. Influence of corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) yield. Weed Sci. 46:447–453.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Frank, J. R. 1983. Effect of row spacing on weed competition with snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Sci. 31:81–85.Google Scholar
Thompson, B. K., Weiner, J., and Warwick, S. I. 1991. Size dependent reproductive output in agricultural weeds. Can. J. Bot. 69:442–446.Google Scholar
Timmer, R. D. and van der Weide, R. Y. 1996. Mechanische onkruidbes-trijding in zomergerst. Pages 85–90 In Jaarboek 1995/1996 (Akkerbouw). Publication no 81A. Lelystad, The Netherlands: Proefstation voor de Akkerbouw en de Groenteteelt in de Vollegrond.Google Scholar
Weiner, J., Griepentrog, H.-W., and Kristensen, L. 2001. Suppression of weeds by spring wheat Triticum aestivum increases with crop density and spatial uniformity. J. Appl. Ecol. 28:784–790.Google Scholar
Wilson, B. J., Wright, K. J., Brain, P., Clements, M., and Stephens, E. 1995. Predicting the competitive effects of weed and crop density on weed biomass, weed seed production and crop yield in wheat. Weed Res. 35:265–278.Google Scholar
Young, F. L., Seefeldt, S. S., and Barnes, G. F. 1999. Planting geometry of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) can reduce jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) spikelet production. Weed Technol. 13:183–190.Google Scholar