Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:36:58.542Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Wild Poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) Germination and Emergence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Barry J. Brecke*
Affiliation:
Univ. Florida, Ag. Res. & Ed. Ctr., Jay, FL 32565

Abstract

Wild poinsettia germination was at least 95% when exposed to solution pH of 2.5 to 10 or solution osmotic potential of up to −0.8 MPa. No germination was observed at pH 12 or osmotic potential of −1.5 MPa. Light was not required for germination. Seed germinated at temperatures ranging from 20 to 40 C with maximum germination of 97% at 35 C. Wild poinsettia had the highest emergence (80%) from seed placed 2 to 4 cm below the soil surface, while 20% of the seed planted at 14 cm emerged. Wild poinsettia germinated over a wide range of conditions, which explains why it is becoming an increasingly serious problem.

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LITERATURE CITED

1. Bannon, J. S., Baker, J. B., Harger, T. R., and Rogers, R. L. 1976. Weed Watch. Weeds Today 8:112.Google Scholar
2. Bannon, J. S., Baker, J. B., and Rogers, R. L. 1978. Germination of wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla). Weed Sci. 26:221225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Brady, N. C. 1974. Supply and availability of plant nutrients in mineral soils. Page 1939 in Nature and Properties of Soils. MacMillian Publishing, New York.Google Scholar
4. Bridges, D. C., Brecke, B. J., and Barbour, J. C. 1992. Wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) interference with peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Sci. 40:3742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Dressier, R. L. 1962. A synopsis of poinsettia (Euphorbiaceae). Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 48:329341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Eastin, E. F. 1983. Redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) germination as influenced by scarification, temperature, and seeding depth. Weed Sci. 31:229231.Google Scholar
7. Eastin, E. F. 1983. Smallflower morningglory (Jaquemontia tamnifolia) germination as influenced by scarification, temperature, and seeding depth. Weed Sci. 31:727730.Google Scholar
8. Eastin, E. F. 1984. Drummond rattlebox (Sesbania drummondii) germination as influenced by scarification, temperature, and seeding depth. Weed Sci. 32:223225.Google Scholar
9. Eberlein, C. V. 1987. Germination of Sorghum almum seeds and longevity in soil. Weed Sci. 35:796801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Jowers, H. E., Breman, J. W., and Fletcher, J. W. 1986. Effects of several herbicide treatments on wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) control in soybean. Soil Crop Sci. Soc. Fla. Proc. 45:115117.Google Scholar
11. Langston, V. B., Harger, T. R., and Johnsey, P. S. 1984. Potential for adventitious regeneration of selected weed species. Weed Sci. 32:360363.Google Scholar
12. MacDonald, G. E., Brecke, B. J., and Shilling, D. G. 1992. Factors affecting germination of dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) and yankeeweed (Eupatorium compositifolium). Weed Sci. 40:424428.Google Scholar
13. Moore, J. D., Banks, P. A., and Pinnell-Allison, C. L. 1990. Wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) control in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Sci. 38:536540.Google Scholar
14. Nester, P. R., Harger, T. R., and McCormick, L. L. 1979. Weed watch—wild poinsettia. Weeds Today 11:2425.Google Scholar
15. Shaw, D. R., Mack, R. E., and Smith, C. E. 1991. Redvine (Brunnichia ovata) germination and emergence. Weed Sci. 39:3336.Google Scholar
16. Smith, C. A., Shaw, D. R., and Newsom, L. J. 1992. Arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) and prickly sida (Sida spinosa): germination and emergence. Weed Res. 32:103109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Thomson, C. E., and Witt, W. W. 1987. Germination of cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata), smooth groundcherry (Physalis virginiana), and eastern black nightshade (Solarium ptycanthum). Weed Sci. 35:5862.Google Scholar
18. Willard, T. S., and Griffin, J. L. 1993. Soybean (Glycine max) yield and quality responses associated with wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) control programs. Weed Technol. 7:118122.Google Scholar
19. Willard, T. S., and Griffin, J. L. 1993. Growth response of wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) following foliar herbicide applications. Weed Technol. 7:190195.Google Scholar
20. Wilson, A. K. 1981. Euphorbia heterophylla: a review of distribution, importance and control. Trop. Pest Manage. 27:3238.Google Scholar