Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T23:02:45.188Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Growth and Reproduction in Response to Nitrogen and Irrigation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Corey V. Ransom ,
Charles A. Rice  and
Clinton C. Shock
Corey V. Ransom*
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Ave., Ontario, OR 97914
Charles A. Rice
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Ave., Ontario, OR 97914
Clinton C. Shock
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Ave., Ontario, OR 97914
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: corey.ransom@usu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Growth and reproductive potential of individual yellow nutsedge plants were examined under two nitrogen levels and three soil moisture regimes. Irrigation levels were selected on the basis of irrigating at soil water potentials of −20, −50, and −80 kPa. Yellow nutsedge patch expansion was measured using digital images to determine ground cover, while plots were subsampled to estimate total shoot and tuber production. High nitrogen increased shoot production in 2004. When plots were irrigated at a soil water potential of −20 kPa, a single yellow nutsedge plant produced 3,000 and 1,700 shoots and 19,000 and 20,000 tubers in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Patch expansion at −20 kPa was exponential, with the greatest expansion occurring between the middle of July and mid to late August. This research demonstrates that the vegetative and reproductive potential of yellow nutsedge is greatly influenced by irrigation level. With such extensive growth and reproductive potential, management strategies for yellow nutsedge should focus on prevention, early detection and containment, early treatment, and integration of control strategies to reduce its competitiveness and spread.

Keywords

Yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus LWeed biologytuber numbersoil moisturesoil water potentialfertilityrecruitmentfecundityplant biomassplant reproduction
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 57 , Issue 1 , February 2009 , pp. 21 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bendixen, L. E. and Nandihalli, U. B. 1987. Worldwide distribution of purple and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus). Weed Technol. 1:61–65.Google Scholar
Garg, D. K., Bendixen, L. E., and Anderson, S. R. 1967. Rhizome differentiation in yellow nutsedge. Weed Sci. 15:124–128.Google Scholar
Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. C., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The Worlds Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Honolulu, HI University Press of Hawaii. 125–133.Google Scholar
Johnson, D. E., Vulfson, M., Louhaichi, M., and Harris, N. R. 2003. VegMeasure Version 1.6 User's Manual. VegMeasure Project, Department of Rangeland Resources, Oregon State University. Corvallis, OR. 51.Google Scholar
Keeley, P. E. and Thullen, R. J. 1978. Light requirements of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and light interception by crops. Weed Sci. 26:10–16.Google Scholar
Keeling, J. W., Bender, D. A., and Abernathy, J. R. 1990. Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) management in transplanted onions (Allium cepa). Weed Technol. 4:68–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lapham, J. 1985. Unrestricted growth, tuber formation and spread of Cyperus esculentus L. in Zimbabwe. Weed Res. 25:323–329.Google Scholar
Li, B., Shibuya, T., Yogo, Y., and Hara, T. 2004. Effects of ramet clipping and nutrient availability on growth and biomass allocation of yellow nutsedge. Ecological Res. 19:603–612.Google Scholar
Li, B., Shibuya, T., Yogo, Y., Hara, T., and Yokozawa, M. 2001. Interclonal differences, plasticity and trade-offs of life history traits of Cyperus esculentus in relation to water availability. Plant Species Biol. 16:193–207.Google Scholar
Ransom, C. V. and Ishida, J. K. 1998. Control of yellow nutsedge and late emerging weeds in onions. Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station Special Report. 1005:68–75.Google Scholar
Ransom, C. V., Rice, C. A., and Ishida, J. K. 2004. Yellow nutsedge competition in dry bulb onion production. Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station Special Report. 1055:97–99.Google Scholar
Schippers, P., Ter Borg, S. J., Van Groenendael, J. M., and Habekotte, B. 1993. What makes Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) an invasive species? A spatial model approach. Proc. Brighton Crop Prot. Conf. 495–504.Google Scholar
Shock, C. C. 2003. Soil water potential measurement by granular matrix sensors. Pages 899–903. in Stewart, B. A. and Howell, T. A. The Encyclopedia of Water Science. New York. Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Shock, C. C., Feibert, E. B. G., and Saunders, L. D. 1998. Onion yield and quality affected by soil water potential as irrigation threshold. HortSci. 33:1188–1191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shock, C. C., Feibert, E. B. G., and Saunders, L. D. 2000. Irrigation criteria for drip-irrigated onions. HortSci. 35:63–66.Google Scholar
Singer, J. W. 2002. Species and nitrogen effects on growth rate, tiller density, and botanical composition in grass hay production. Crop Sci. 42:208–214.Google Scholar
Stoller, E. W. and Sweet, R. D. 1987. Biology and life cycle of purple and yellow nutsedges (Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus). Weed Technol. 1:66–73.Google Scholar
Stoller, E. and Wax, L. 1973. Yellow nutsedge shoot emergence and tuber longevity. Weed Sci. 21:76–81.Google Scholar
Thullen, R. J. and Keeley, P. E. 1987. Influence of date of planting on the growth of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Weed Sci. 35:173–176.Google Scholar
Tumbleson, M. E. and Kommedahl, T. 1961. Reproductive potential of Cyperus esculentus by tubers. Weeds. 9:646–653.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2005. Patch expansion of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) with and without polyethylene mulch. Weed Sci. 53:839–845.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Grey, T. L., Davis, J. W., and Culpepper, A. S. Glyphosate hinders purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) tuber production. Weed Sci. 56:735–742.Google Scholar
Wilen, C. A., Holt, J. S., and McCloskey, W. B. 1996. Effects of soil moisture on predicted yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) emergence. Weed Sci. 44:890–896.Google Scholar