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Contribution of Nitrogen Fertilizer Placement to Weed Management in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Kenneth J. Kirkland  and
Hugh J. Beckie
Kenneth J. Kirkland
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Farm, P.O. Box 10, Scott, SK, Canada S0K 4A0
Hugh J. Beckie
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0X2
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Abstract

The contribution of nitrogen (N) fertilizer placement to management of annual weeds in spring wheat grown under two tillage systems was examined at sites located in three ecoregions of the northern Great Plains from 1994 to 1996. The effect of three different fertilizer placements on narrowleaf and broadleaf weed emergence, growth, and N uptake were determined in a no-till and a conventional tillage system. Fertilizer was broadcast, subsurface-banded in the spring prior to seeding, or side-banded at the time of seeding. Tillage system generally did not influence weed and crop response to fertilizer placement. Broadcast-applied fertilizer was more effective than banded fertilizer in promoting wild oat and broadleaf weed emergence and growth over the growing season. Weed densities, biomass, and N uptake measured early in the growing season averaged 20 to 40% less, and grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast. In contrast, the addition of fertilizer, regardless of placement, was detrimental to green foxtail because of enhanced crop competitiveness. Banding fertilizer at recommended rates can be an effective cultural practice for managing weeds in no-till and conventional tillage wheat-cropping systems in semiarid to subhumid regions of the northern Great Plains, but it is not reliable when used as the sole method of weed management.

Keywords

Green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIwild oat, Avena fatua L. # AVEFAspring wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Makwa'Broadleaf weedsnitrogen uptaketillageAVEFASETVICT, conventional tillageIPM, integrated pest managementIPM, integrated weed managementK, potassiumN, nitrogenNT, no tillageP, phosphorusS, sulfur
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , September 1998 , pp. 507 - 514
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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