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Effective Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicide Programs for Kochia Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Vipan Kumar  and
Prashant Jha
Vipan Kumar
Affiliation:
Montana State University–Bozeman, Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT 59037
Prashant Jha*
Affiliation:
Montana State University–Bozeman, Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT 59037
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: pjha@montana.edu.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in 2011 through 2013 at the MSU Southern Agricultural Research Center near Huntley, MT, to evaluate the effectiveness of various PRE and POST herbicide programs for kochia control in the absence of a crop. PRE herbicides labeled for corn, grain sorghum, soybean, wheat/barley, and/or in chemical fallow were applied at recommended field-use rates. Acetochlor + atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine + mesotrione, and sulfentrazone applied PRE provided ≥91% control of kochia at 12 wk after treatment (WAT). Metribuzin, metribuzin + linuron, and pyroxasulfone + atrazine PRE provided 82% control at 12 WAT. PRE control with acetochlor + flumetsulam + clopyralid, pyroxasulfone alone, and saflufenacil + 2,4-D was ≤23% at 12 WAT. Paraquat + atrazine, paraquat + linuron, and paraquat + metribuzin controlled kochia ≥98% at 5 WAT. POST control with bromoxynil + fluroxypyr, paraquat, tembotrione + atrazine, and topramezone + atrazine treatments averaged 84% at 5 WAT, and did not differ from glyphosate. Control with POST-applied bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole, dicamba, diflufenzopyr + dicamba + 2,4-D, saflufenacil, saflufenacil + 2,4-D, saflufenacil + linuron was 67 to 78% at 5 WAT. Because of the presence of kochia resistant to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides at the test site, cloransulam-methyl was not a viable option for kochia control. In a separate greenhouse study, kochia accessions showed differential response to the POST herbicides (labeled for corn or soybean) tested. Tembotrione + atrazine, topramezone + atrazine, lactofen, or fomesafen effectively controlled the glyphosate-resistant kochia accession tested. Growers should utilize these effective PRE- or POST-applied herbicide premixes or tank mixtures (multiple modes of action) to control herbicide-resistant kochia accessions in the field. PRE herbicides with 8 wk of soil-residual activity on kochia would be acceptable if crop competition were present; however, a follow-up herbicide application may be needed to obtain season-long kochia control in the absence of crop competition.

Entre 2011 y 2013, se realizaron experimentos de campo en el Centro de Investigación Agrícola del Sur de MSU, cerca de Huntley, Montana, para evaluar la efectividad de varios programas de herbicidas PRE y POST para el control de Kochia scoparia en ausencia de un cultivo. Se aplicó herbicidas PRE registrados para maíz, sorgo para grano, soja, trigo/cebada, y/o barbecho químico a las dosis recomendadas para uso en campo. Acetochlor + atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine + mesotrione, y sulfentrazone aplicados PRE brindaron ≥91% de control de K. scoparia a 12 semanas después del tratamiento (WAT). Metribuzin, metribuzin + linuron, y pyroxasulfone + atrazine PRE brindaron 82% de control a 12 WAT. Control PRE con acetochlor + flumetsulam + clopyralid, pyroxasulfone solo, y saflufenacil + 2,4-D fue ≤23% a 12 WAT. Paraquat + atrazine, paraquat + linuron, y paraquat + metribuzin controlaron K. scoparia ≥98% a 5 WAT. Control POST con bromoxynil + fluroxypyr, paraquat, tembotrione + atrazine, y topramezone + atrazine promedió 84% a 5 WAT, y no difirió de glyphosate. El control con aplicaciones POST de bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole, dicamba, diflufenzopyr + dicamba + 2,4-D, saflufenacil, saflufenacil + 2,4-D, saflufenacil + linuron fue 67 a 78% a 5 WAT. Debido a la presencia en el lugar del estudio de K. scoparia resistente a herbicidas inhibidores de acetolactate synthase, cloransulam-methyl no fue una opción viable para el control de K. scoparia. En un estudio de invernadero, accesiones de K. scoparia mostraron respuestas diferenciadas a los herbicidas POST (registrados para maíz y soja) evaluados. Tembotrione + atrazine, topramezone + atrazine, lactofen, o fomesafen controlaron efectivamente la accesión de K. scoparia resistente a glyphosate evaluada. Los productores deberían utilizar en el campo. estas pre-mezclas o mezclas en tanque de herbicidas (múltiples modos de acción) aplicados PRE o POST para el control de accesiones de K. scoparia resistentes a herbicidas. Herbicidas PRE con 8 semanas de actividad residual en el suelo sobre K. scoparia deberían ser aceptables si la competencia del cultivo está presente. Sin embargo, una aplicación de seguimiento podría ser necesaria para obtener control de K. scoparia durante toda la temporada, en ausencia de competencia del cultivo.

Keywords

2,4-Dacetochloratrazinebromoxynilcarfentrazone-ethylclopyralidcloransulam-methyldicambadiflufenzopyrflumetsulamflumioxazinfluroxypyrfomesafenglufosinateglyphosateisoxaflutolelactofenlinuronMCPAmesotrionemetolachlorparaquatpyrasulfotolepyroxasulfonesaflufenacilsulfentrazonetembotrionethifensulfurontribenurontopramezonekochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.Glyphosate-resistant kochiaherbicide efficacyresidual controlherbicide resistance managementweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , March 2015 , pp. 24 - 34
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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