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Effects of Soil Calcium and pH on Seed Germination and Subsequent Growth of Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Gary L. Pierce ,
Stuart L. Warren ,
Robert L. Mikkelsen  and
H. Michael Linker
Gary L. Pierce
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695
Stuart L. Warren*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695
Robert L. Mikkelsen
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695
H. Michael Linker
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: stu_warren@ncsu.edu.
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Abstract

Large crabgrass is a problem weed in horticultural crops, particularly in turfgrass in the southeastern United States. If growth of large crabgrass could be suppressed via soil pH or calcium levels, control of this weed in turfgrass might be improved while minimizing herbicide usage. To determine the effect of soil calcium and pH on germination and growth of large crabgrass, seeds were sown in a loamy sand soil amended with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) that established a range of soil pH from 4.8 to 7.8. Seeds were also sown in soil amended similarly with calcium sulfate (CaSO4), which does not affect pH, that established a range of exchangeable Ca levels corresponding to the Ca range in CaCO3 from pH 4.8 to 7.8. Seed germination of large crabgrass was unaffected by pH when soil was amended with CaCO3, whereas seed germination decreased with increasing pH when soil was amended with MgCO3. Crabgrass germination was not affected by Ca (CaSO4) independent of pH changes. Increasing soil pH reduced shoot and root dry weights of seedlings regardless of material used to raise pH. Maximum shoot dry weights occurred at pH 4.8 in the unamended soil, whereas maximum root dry weights occurred at ranges from pH 5.8 to 6.3 for CaCO3 and pH 5.3 to 5.8 for MgCO3. Shoot and root dry weights were not affected by Ca when soil was amended with CaSO4. By raising soil pH levels, the growth of large crabgrass and its ability to compete with turfgrass may be reduced. Raising exchangeable Ca does not appear to be an effective management tool for control of this weed species.

Keywords

Large crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. #DIGSACalcifugeintegrated pest managementintegrated weed management
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 1999 , pp. 421 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address of first author: Assistant Agricultural Extension Agent, North Carolina Cooperative Extension, Smithfield, NC 27577; E-mail address: gary_pierce@ces.ncsu.edu.

References

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