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Persistence, Efficacy, and Selectivity of Amide Herbicides in Corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou  and
Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos
Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, Box 233, University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, Box 233, University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: eleftero@agro.auth.gr
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Abstract

Persistence of microencapsulated (ME) and emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations of alachlor and acetochlor, as well as EC formulations of metolachlor, s-metolachlor, dimethenamid, and flufenacet were studied using a bioassay based on root response of oat Kassandra grown in soil. Flufenacet was the most persistent of the herbicides, but biologically available residues were not detected at 0- to 10-cm soil depth 50 d after any herbicide treatment. All herbicides applied preemergence (PRE) in field trials gave good to excellent control of redroot pigweed, black nightshade, barnyardgrass, and green foxtail but only partial control of jimsonweed. Furthermore, when they were applied postemergence (POST) in mixture with atrazine in the field, the control obtained for black nightshade, common lambsquarters, common purslane, and redroot pigweed was excellent, but good to excellent for bristly foxtail and green foxtail. Their efficacy against yellow foxtail and large crabgrass was fair to good. Generally, the EC-alachlor and EC-acetochlor applied POST in mixture with atrazine gave better control of grasses than did their ME-formulations. None of the herbicide treatments showed any phytotoxic effect on corn, and all of them produced corn yield greater than that of weedy control but slightly lower than that of the weed-free control. Flufenacet, s-metolachlor, and dimethenamid were suitable alternatives to acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. #3 ECHCGblack nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. # SOLNIbristly foxtail, Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv. # SETVEcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album (L.) # CHEALcommon purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. # POROLgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIjimsonweed, Datura stramonium L. # DATSTlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. # AMAREyellow foxtail, Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. # SETLUcorn, Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer Costanza’, ‘Pioneer Eleonora’, ‘Shell Nikerson’oat, Avena sativa L. ‘Kassandra’Acetochloralachlordimethenamidflufenacets-metolachlor, microencapsulated formulationsDAT, days after treatmentEC, emulsifiable concentrateME, microencapsulatedPOST, postemergencePRE, preemergenceWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Note
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 381 - 388
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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