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A Survey of Weeds and Herbicides in Georgia Pecan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Timothy L. Grey ,
Fred S. Turpin II ,
Lenny Wells  and
Theodore M. Webster
Timothy L. Grey*
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Tifton Campus, 2360 Rainwater Rd., Tifton, GA 31793
Fred S. Turpin II
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Tifton Campus, 2360 Rainwater Rd., Tifton, GA 31793
Lenny Wells
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Tifton Campus, 2360 Rainwater Rd., Tifton, GA 31793
Theodore M. Webster
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Tifton, GA 31793, respectively
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tgrey@uga.edu.
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Abstract

A survey was conducted in 2012 in Georgia to determine the most troublesome weeds in pecan orchards and document common herbicide weed control practices. Weed control practices and infestations in pecan were divided between winter and summer seasons. The most troublesome pecan winter weed species were wild radish and Italian ryegrass, whereas the most troublesome summer season weeds were Palmer amaranth and bermudagrass. Other weeds included crabgrass species, bahiagrass, Florida pusley, purslane species, morningglory species, curly dock, and cutleaf evening-primrose. The most widely used POST herbicide in both the winter and summer season was glyphosate. The most commonly used year-round herbicides with soil persistence were pendimethalin, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, simazine, indaziflam, and oryzalin. Use of multiple herbicides, PRE- and POST-contact and soil-persistent, with various herbicide mechanisms of action, have benefited pecan producers by providing year-round weed control, despite herbicide-resistant weeds being widely established in this region.

Se realizó una encuesta en 2012 en Georgia para determinar los malezas más problemáticas en plantaciones de pacana y documentar prácticas comunes de control de malezas con herbicidas. Las prácticas de control de malezas y las infestaciones en pacana fueron divididas entre las temporadas de invierno y verano. Las malezas de invierno más problemáticas en pacana fueron Raphanus raphanistrum y Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum, mientras que las malezas de verano más problemáticas fueron Amaranthus palmeri y Cynodon dactylon. Otras malezas incluyeron Digitaria spp., Paspalum notatum, Richardia scabra, Portulaca spp., Ipomoea spp., Rumex crispus, y Oenothera laciniata. El herbicida POST más ampliamente usado en ambas temporadas fue glyphosate. Los herbicidas con persistencia en el suelo más comúnmente usados a lo largo de todo el año fueron pendimethalin, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, simazine, indaziflam, y oryzalin. El uso de múltiples herbicidas, ambos PRE y POST de contacto y persistentes en el suelo, con varios mecanismos de acción, ha beneficiado a los productores de pacana al brindar control de malezas durante todo el año, a pesar de que malezas resistentes a herbicidas se están estableciendo ampliamente en esta región.

Keywords

2,4-Dclethodimdiruronflumioxazinglyphosateglufosinatehalosulfuronindaziflamparaquatsethoxydimsimazinebahiagrass, Paspalum notatum Flueggébermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.crabgrass species, Digitaria spp.curly dock, Rumex crispus L.cutleaf evening primrose, Oenothera laciniata HillFlorida pusley, Richardia scabra L.Italian ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiforum (Lam.) Husnotmorningglory species, Ipomoea spp.Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.purslane species, Portulaca spp.wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L.pecan, Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch.Postemergencepreemergencesoil residual herbicidesweed management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , September 2014 , pp. 552 - 559
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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