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Weed Management with S-Metolachlor and Glyphosate Mixtures in Glyphosate-Resistant Strip- and Conventional-Tillage Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Scott B. Clewis ,
John W. Wilcut  and
Dunk Porterfield
Scott B. Clewis*
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Campus Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
John W. Wilcut
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Campus Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Dunk Porterfield
Affiliation:
Syngenta Crop Protection, Cary, NC 27502
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: scott_clewis@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

Five studies were conducted at Clayton, Rocky Mount, and Lewiston-Woodville, NC, in 2001 and 2002, to evaluate weed management, crop tolerance, and yield in strip- and conventional-tillage glyphosate-resistant cotton. Cotton was treated with two glyphosate formulations; glyphosate-IP (isopropylamine salt) or glyphosate-TM (trimethylsulfonium salt), early postemergence (EPOST) alone or in a mixture with S-metolachlor. Early season cotton injury was minimal (3%) with either glyphosate formulation alone or in mixture with S-metolachlor. Weed control and cotton yields were similar for both glyphosate formulations. The addition of S-metolachlor to either glyphosate formulation increased control of broadleaf signalgrass, goosegrass, large crabgrass, and yellow foxtail 14 to 43 percentage points compared with control by glyphosate alone. S-metolachlor was not beneficial for late-season control of entireleaf morningglory, jimsonweed, pitted morningglory, or yellow nutsedge. The addition of S-metolachlor to either glyphosate formulation increased control of common lambsquarters, common ragweed, Palmer amaranth, smooth pigweed, and velvetleaf 6 to 46 percentage points. The addition of a late postemergence-directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA increased control to greater than 95% for all weed species regardless of EPOST treatment, and control was similar with or without S-metolachlor EPOST. Cotton lint yield was increased 220 kg/ha with the addition of S-metolachlor to either glyphosate formulation compared with yield from glyphosate alone. The addition of the LAYBY treatment increased yields 250 and 380 kg/ha for glyphosate plus S-metolachlor and glyphosate systems, respectively. S-metolachlor residual activity allowed for an extended window for more effective LAYBY application to smaller weed seedlings instead of weeds that were possibly larger and harder to control.

Keywords

Glyphosate-IP (isopropylamine salt)glyphosate-TM (trimethylsulfonium salt)S-metolachlorMSMAprometrynbroadleaf signalgrass, Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash. #3 BRAPPcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALcommon ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. # AMBELentireleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula Gray. # IPOHGgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. # ELEINjimsonweed, Datura stramonium L. # DATSTlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. # AMAPApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAsmooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. # AMACHvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus # ABUTHyellow foxtail, Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. # SETLUyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPEScotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.Economic returnsherbicide-resistant cropstillage systemsfb, followed byPDS, postemergence-directedPREBAN, pre-emergence-banded
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , March 2006 , pp. 232 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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