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Allelopathic Potential of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Methanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts on Weeds and Vegetables

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Erin C. Hill ,
Mathieu Ngouajio  and
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Erin C. Hill
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, A428 Plant and Soil Science Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824
Mathieu Ngouajio*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, A428 Plant and Soil Science Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, A428 Plant and Soil Science Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ngouajio@msu.edu
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Abstract

Bioassay experiments were conducted to determine the phytotoxicity of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of hairy vetch and cowpea residues on the germination and radicle elongation of three vegetable crops and three weed species. The species tested included common chickweed, redroot pigweed, wild carrot, tomato, corn, and cucumber. The extracts of both species were dissolved in methanol to yield seven concentrations ranging from 0 to 8 g/L. Germination was significantly reduced by methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of hairy vetch extracts except for corn and tomato. Common chickweed and wild carrot were the only species that showed consistent reduction in germination with the methanol and ethyl acetate cowpea extracts. The radicle growth of most species, with the exception of corn and cucumber, was reduced by the extracts of both cover crops. Corn and cucumber radicle elongation was stimulated at low concentrations of the extracts; however, these observations were not significantly different among treatments. This study demonstrated that methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of hairy vetch and cowpea contained allelopathic compounds and that their phytotoxicity is likely species specific. Future studies should focus on the identification and isolation of the allelochemical(s) found in the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the hairy vetch and cowpea residues.

Keywords

Hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Rothcowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpcommon chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill. STEMEredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. AMAREwild carrot, Daucus carota L. DAUCAcorn, Zea mays L.cucumber, Cucumis sativus L.tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum MillLaboratory bioassaysphytotoxicitystimulation
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2007 , pp. 437 - 444
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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