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Changes in the Weed Species Composition of the Southern United States: 1974 to 1995

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Theodore M. Webster  and
Harold D. Coble
Theodore M. Webster
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Harold D. Coble
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
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Abstract

The Southern Weed Science Society has conducted an annual survey of the most troublesome weeds in several major crops since 1971. The objective of this summary was to characterize shifts in weed populations over a 22-yr period in four major agronomic crops. For corn, soybean, cotton, and peanut, the largest increases in rank as the most troublesome weeds were found with sicklepod and bermudagrass. The largest decreases were found with johnsongrass, crab-grasses, and common cocklebur. Morningglories and nutsedges remained relatively constant weed problems over the 22-yr period. Sicklepod, nutsedges, and morningglories were the three most troublesome weeds averaged over all crops because they are so well established and relatively difficult to control. Pigweeds (Palmer amaranth, sandhills amaranth, tumble pigweed, and water-hemps) have become increasingly important in soybean, peanut, and cotton in a limited number of states.

Keywords

Bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAcommon cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. # XANSTcrabgrass, Digitaria spp.johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHAmorningglory, Ipomoea spp.nutsedge, Cyperus spp.Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmed S. Wats. # AMAPAsandhills amaranth, Amaranthus arenicola I.M. Johnst. # AMAARsicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L) Irwin and Barneby # CASOBtumble pigweed, Amaranthus albus L. # AMAALwaterhemp, Amaranthus spp.corn, Zea mays L.cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Economically important weedsherbicide resistant weedsSouthern Weed Science Society weed surveyweed distributionsweed population shiftsSWSS, Southern Weed Science SocietyTWI, troublesome weed indexACCase, acetyl-Co A carboxylase
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , June 1997 , pp. 308 - 317
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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