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Confirmation of Glyphosate-Resistant Kochia (Kochia scoparia) from Sugar Beet Fields in Idaho and Oregon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2017

Vipan Kumar ,
Joel Felix ,
Don Morishita  and
Prashant Jha
Vipan Kumar
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Montana State University, Southern Agricultural Research Center, 748 Railroad Highway, Huntley, MT, USA
Joel Felix
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Oregon State University, Malheur Agricultural Experiment Station, Ontario, OR, USA
Don Morishita
Affiliation:
Professor, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research and Extension Center, Kimberly, ID, USA
Prashant Jha*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Montana State University, Southern Agricultural Research Center, 748 Railroad Highway, Huntley, MT, USA.
*
Author for correspondence: Prashant Jha, Associate Professor, Montana State University, Southern Agricultural Research Center, 748 Railroad Highway, Huntley, MT, 59037. (E-mail: pjha@montana.edu)
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Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia is an increasing management concern in major cropping systems of the northwestern US. In 2014, we investigated four putative GR kochia accessions (designated as ALA, VAL, WIL, DB) collected from sugar beet fields in eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho to characterize the level of evolved glyphosate resistance and determine the relationship between the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phospate synthase (EPSPS) gene copy number and level of glyphosate resistance. The EPSPS gene copy number was used as a molecular marker to detect GR kochia in subsequent surveys in 2015 and 2016. Based on LD50 values from a whole-plant dose-response study, the four putative GR kochia populations were 2.0- to 9.6-fold more resistant to glyphosate than the glyphosate-susceptible (GS) accession. In an in vivo leaf-disk shikimate assay, leaf disks of GS kochia plants treated with 100-μM glyphosate accumulated 2.4- to 4.0-fold higher amounts of shikimate than the GR plants. The four GR accessions had 2.7 to 9.1 relative EPSPS gene copies compared with the GS accession (<1 EPSPS gene copies), and there was a linear relationship between EPSPS gene copy number and glyphosate resistance level (LD50 values). The 2015 and 2016 GR kochia survey results indicated that about half of the collected populations from sugar beet fields in eastern Oregon had developed resistance to glyphosate whereas only one population from the Idaho collection was confirmed glyphosate resistant. This is the first confirmation of GR kochia in sugar beet fields in eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho. Diversified weed control programs will be required to prevent further development and spread of GR kochia in sugar beet-based rotations in this region.

Keywords

Andrew Kniss, University of WyomingGlyphosatekochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L.EPSPS gene copy numberglyphosate-resistant kochiaglyphosate resistance
Type
Weed Management-Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 27 - 33
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

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