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Crop Tolerance and Weed Management Systems in Imidazolinone-Tolerant Corn (Zea mays L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ann M. Thompson ,
Enrique Rosales-Robles ,
James M. Chandler ,
Paul R. Nester  and
Christopher H. Tingle
Ann M. Thompson
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840
Enrique Rosales-Robles*
Affiliation:
INIFAP, Campo Experimental Rio Bravo, Mexico 88900
James M. Chandler
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840
Paul R. Nester
Affiliation:
American Cyanamid Co., The Woodlands, TX 77381
Christopher H. Tingle
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rosales.enrique@inifap.gob.mx
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to evaluate the efficacy of imidazolinone weed management systems and crop tolerance of imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) corn to imazapic. Imazapic (36 and 72 g/ha) was evaluated when applied PRE; early postemergence (EPOST), when corn was at the two- to three-leaf stage; and late postemergence (LPOST), when corn was at the six- to eight-leaf stage. Imazapyr + imazethapyr EPOST and metolachlor + atrazine followed by (fb) primisulfuron LPOST were evaluated as commercial standards. Imazapic at 36 g/ha EPOST controlled johnsongrass, Texas panicum, smellmelon, and ivyleaf and entireleaf morningglory at least 93% when adequate rainfall occurred. Devil's claw was controlled at least 85% with imazapic EPOST or LPOST at either rate. Imazapic at 36 g/ha EPOST and LPOST controlled eclipta 88 and 91%, respectively. Yellow nutsedge was controlled >91% with imazapic LPOST, which was superior to imazapic applied EPOST. Broadleaf signalgrass was controlled 94% with imazapic at 72 g/ha LPOST, which was significantly higher than other herbicide treatments. Imazapic at 36 and 72 g/ha applied PRE under moisture stress resulted in reduced weed control; but when adequate rainfall occurred, weed control was generally similar to that of EPOST and LPOST applications. Imazapic crop response at 72, 105, 140, and 211 g/ha applied at EPOST and LPOST was evaluated in two IT corn hybrids. Crop response varied with soil and environmental conditions and application timings. Imazapic at 72, 105, and 140 g/ha EPOST resulted in crop injury 33 to 55% at 6 wk after planting (WAP) in a coarse soil; however, crop injury decreased to <20% at 12 WAP. Low crop injury (<9%) was observed at 12 WAP in a clay soil. Imazapic applied LPOST resulted in lower crop injury than EPOST application. Corn plant height and yield were not affected by any imazapic treatment.

Keywords

Imazapicimazapyrimazethapyratrazinemetolachlorprimisulfuronivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. # IPOHEentireleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula Gray # IPOHEsmellmelon, Cucumis melo (L.) var. dudaim Naud. # CUMMDTexas panicum, Panicum texanum Buckl. # PANTEjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHAdevil's-claw, Proboscidea louisianica (Mill.) Thellung # PROLOeclipta, Eclipta prostrata L. # ECLALyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPESbroadleaf signalgrass, Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash # BRAPPcorn, Zea mays L., ‘Garst 8326IT’, ‘Garst 8396IT’, ‘Cargill 7994IT’, ‘Garst 8222IT’Crop responseapplication timingsEPOST, early postemergencefb, followed byIR, imidazolinone-resistantIT, imidazolinone-tolerantLPOST, late postemergenceTAES, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Field LaboratoryTP, TP FarmsWAP, weeks after planting
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2005 , pp. 1037 - 1044
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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