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Differential Response of Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) Populations in Florida Sugarcane to Asulam

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2018

Jose V. Fernandez ,
D. Calvin Odero ,
Gregory E. MacDonald ,
Jason A. Ferrell ,
Brent A. Sellers  and
P. Christopher Wilson
Jose V. Fernandez
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
D. Calvin Odero*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, USA
Gregory E. MacDonald
Affiliation:
Professor, Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Jason A. Ferrell
Affiliation:
Professor, Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Brent A. Sellers
Affiliation:
Professor, Rangeland Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Ona, FL, USA
P. Christopher Wilson
Affiliation:
Professor, Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: D. Calvin Odero, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3200 E. Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430. (Email: dcodero@ufl.edu)
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Abstract

Sugarcane growers in Florida have been reporting reduced control of fall panicum with asulam, the main herbicide used for POST grass control. Therefore, outside container experiments were conducted to determine the response of four fall panicum populations from Florida to asulam applied alone and to evaluate whether tank-mix combination with trifloxysulfuron enhances control. Asulam was applied at 230 to 7,400 g ai ha−1, corresponding to 1/16 to 2X the maximum labeled rate for a single application in sugarcane, with or without combination with trifloxysulfuron at 16 g ai ha−1. Three fall panicum populations were collected from fields in which reduced control had been reported, while one population was from a field not used for sugarcane production but adjacent to a sugarcane field. The potency of asulam based on ED50 values (the rate required to cause 50% dry weight reduction at 28 d after treatment) ranged from 2,249 to 5,412 g ha−1 for tolerant populations with reported reduced fall panicum control compared with 1,808 g ha−1 for the susceptible population from the field not used for sugarcane production, showing that the latter was most sensitive to asulam. Addition of trifloxysulfuron to asulam increased potency on fall panicum by 5- to 15-fold, indicating that the tank mix enhanced dry weight reduction for all populations. The probability of fall panicum survival (regrowth after aboveground biomass harvesting) at the labeled rate of asulam ranged from 2% to 47% compared with 0% to 6% when trifloxysulfuron was added to the tank mix. Our results show differential response of fall panicum populations in Florida to asulam, which can be overcome by tank mixing with trifloxysulfuron even for populations that are difficult to control in sugarcane, but no evolution of resistance to asulam.

Keywords

Mark VanGessel, University of DelawareAsulamtrifloxysulfuronfall panicumPanicum dichotomiflorum Michx. PANDIsugarcane, Saccharum spp.Herbicide resistanceherbicide tolerancesugarcanetank mix
Type
Note
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 6 , December 2018 , pp. 762 - 767
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018. 

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