Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T04:14:22.282Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Spring Tillage Sequence on Summer Annual Weeds in Vegetable Row Crop Rotations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

B. Edward Peachey ,
Ray D. William  and
Carol Mallory-Smith
B. Edward Peachey*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304
Ray D. William
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304
Carol Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: peacheye@science.oregonstate.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effects of spring tillage sequence on summer annual weed populations were evaluated over two cycles of a 3-yr crop rotation of snap beans, sweet corn, and winter wheat. Continuous no-till (N) planting of vegetable crops each spring (NNNN) reduced summer annual weed density 63 to 86% compared to that of continuous conventional tillage (CCCC), depending upon site and herbicide level. Hairy nightshade populations were reduced by 88 to 96% when spring tillage was eliminated from the crop rotation. The effects of the NNNN spring tillage sequence on weed density were similar at two sites even though the crop rotations at the two sites began with different crops. The rotational tillage sequence of NCNC at the East site, in a crop rotation that began with corn, reduced summer annual weed density by 46 to 51% compared to that of continuous conventional tillage and planting (CCCC) at low and medium herbicide rates, respectively. In contrast, the tillage sequence of CNCN in the same crop rotation and at the same site increased weed density by 80% compared to that of CCCC at a low herbicide rate. The effects of the NCNC and CNCN rotational tillage sequences on weed density were reversed at the West site, and was probably caused by pairing sweet corn with conventional tillage rather than no tillage. The reduction in summer annual weed density caused by reduced spring tillage frequency did not significantly increase crop yields.

Keywords

Glyphosatelactofenmetolachlorbarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv ECHCGcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALhairy nightshade, Solanum sarrachoides Sendtner SOLSAPowell amaranth, Amaranthus powellii S. Wats AMAPOredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L.smooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L.snap beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘OR91G’spring barley, Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Micah’sweet corn Zea mays L. ‘Golden Jubilee’Conventional tillagecrop rotationdirect-seedingno-tillrotational tillageseedbankseedling recruitmentweed densityH, highHL, herbicide levelL, lowM, mediumTS, tillage sequenceWAP, weeks after planting
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , March 2006 , pp. 204 - 214
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ball, D. A. and Miller, S. D. 1990. Weed seed population response to tillage and herbicide use in three irrigated cropping sequences. Weed Sci. 38:511–517.Google Scholar
Bàrberi, P. and Lo Cascio, B. Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on weed seedbank size and composition. Weed Res. 41:319–334.Google Scholar
Botto, J. F., Scopel, A. L., Ballare, C. L., and Sanchez, R. A. 1998. The effect of light during and after soil cultivation with different tillage implements on weed seedling emergence. Weed Sci. 46:351–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boydston, R. A. and Peachey, R. E. 2004. Predicting hairy nightshade berry production in peas and beans based on time of emergence and heat units. Western Society of Weed Science Annual Meeting, February 8–11, 2004, Colorado Springs, CO.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. 1992. Population dynamics and control of annual weeds in corn (Zea mays) as influenced by tillage system. Weed Sci. 40:241–248.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Oplinger, E. S. 1990. Influence of tillage systems on annual weed densities and control in solid-seeded soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 38:158–165.Google Scholar
Carter, M. R. 1994. Strategies to overcome impediments to adoption of conservation tillage. in Carter, M. R., ed. Conservation Tillage in Temperate Agroecosystems. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis. Pp. 3–19.Google Scholar
Chancellor, R. J. 1964. The depth of weed seed germination in the field. Proc. 7th Brit. Weed Cont. Conf. 2:607–613.Google Scholar
Derksen, D. A., Lafond, G. P., Thomas, A. G., Loeppky, H. A., and Swanton, C. J. 1993. Impact of agronomic practices on weed communities: tillage systems. Weed Sci. 41:409–417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickey, E. C., Petersen, T. R., Gilley, J. R., and Mielke, L. N. 1983. Yield comparisons between continuous notill and tillage rotations. Transactions Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 26:1682–1686.Google Scholar
Doran, J. W. 1987. Microbial biomass and mineralizable nitrogen distributions in no-tillage and plowed soils. Biol. Fertil. Soils 5:68–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fawcett, R. S. and Slife, F. W. 1978. Effects of field applications of nitrate on weed seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sci. 26:594–596.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J. 1988. Changes in the weed flora with different tillage and agronomic management systems. in Altieri, M. A. and Liebman, M., eds. Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Ecological Approaches. Boca Raton, FL: CRC. Pp. 213–236.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drenan, D. S. H. 1983. Potential changes in weed floras associated with reduced-cultivation systems for cereal production in temperate regions. Weed Res. 21:99–109.Google Scholar
Hill, P. R. 1998. Use of rotational tillage for corn and soybean production in the eastern corn belt. J. Prod. Agric. 11:125–128.Google Scholar
Liebman, M. and Dyck, E. 1993. Crop rotations and intercropping strategies for weed management. Ecol. Appl. 3:92–122.Google Scholar
Malone, R. C. 1967. A rapid method for enumeration of viable seeds in soil. Weeds 15:381–382.Google Scholar
Martinez-Ghersa, M. A., Satorre, E. H., and Ghersa, C. M. 1997. Effect of soil water content and temperature on dormancy breaking and germination of three weeds. Weed Sci. 45:791–797.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. 1993. A model of the effects of tillage on emergence of weed seedlings. Ecol. Appl. 3:53–73.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Calloway, M. B. 1992. Effects of tillage and mulch on the emergence and survival of weeds in sweet corn. J. Appl. Ecol. 29:21–34.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Galford, A. E. 1997. Weed seedling emergence and seed survival: separating the effects of seed position and soil modification by tillage. Weed Res. 37:147–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C. T. and Buchele, W. F. 1960. Emergence energy of plant seedlings. Agric. Eng. 41:428–431.Google Scholar
Mulegeta, D. and Stoltenberg, D. E. 1997. Increased weed emergence and seed bank depletion by soil disturbance in a no-tillage system. Weed Sci. 45:234–241.Google Scholar
Mulvaney, D. L. and Paul, L. 1984. Rotating crops and tillage. Crops Soils 36:18–19.Google Scholar
Ogg, A. G. and Dawson, J. H. 1984. Time of emergence of eight weed species. Weed Sci. 32:327–335.Google Scholar
Oryokot, J. O. E., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1997. Effect of tillage and corn on pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) seedling emergence and density. Weed Sci. 45:120–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peachey, R. E., William, R. D., and Mallory-Smith, C. 2004. Effect of notill or conventional planting and cover crops residues on weed emergence in vegetable row crop. Weed Technol. 18:1023–1030.Google Scholar
Pierce, F. J., Stanton, M. J., and Fortin, M. C. 1992. Immediate and residual effects of zone tillage in rotation with no-tillage on soil physical properties and corn performance. Soil Tillage Res. 24:149–165.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 2003. SAS/STAT User's Guide Version 9.1. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 5136 p.Google Scholar
Sawma, J. T. and Mohler, C. L. 2002. Evaluating seed viability by an unimbibed seed crush test in comparison with the tetrazolium test. Weed Technol. 16:781–786.Google Scholar
Saxton, K. E. and Baker, C. J. 1990. The cross-slot drill opener for conservation tillage. Proceedings of the Great Plains Conservation Tillage Symposium, August 1990, Bismarck, ND.Google Scholar
Schreiber, M. M. 1992. Influence of tillage, crop rotation, and weed management on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) population dynamics. Weed Sci. 40:645–653.Google Scholar
Shilling, D. G., Worsham, A. D., and Danehower, D. A. 1986. Influence of mulch, tillage and diphenamid on weed control, yield, and quality in no-till flue cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Weed Sci. 34:738–744.Google Scholar
Sommer, C. and Zach, M. 1992. Managing traffic-induced soil compaction by using conservation tillage. Soil Tillage Res. 24:319–336.Google Scholar
Swanton, C. J., Clements, D. R., and Duerksen, D. A. 1993. Weed succession under conservation tillage: a hierarchical framework for research and management. Weed Technol. 7:286–297.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C. L. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J. 85:673–680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuesca, D., Puricella, E., and Papa, J. C. 2001. A long term study of weed flora shifts in different tillage systems. Weed Res. 41:369–382.Google Scholar
Vencill, W. K. and Banks, P. A. 1994. Effects of tillage systems and weed management on weed populations in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Weed Sci. 42:541–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar