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Effectiveness of Herbicides for Control of Common Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) in Corn and Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2017

Kelly M. Patches ,
William S. Curran  and
Dwight D. Lingenfelter
Kelly M. Patches*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
William S. Curran
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
Dwight D. Lingenfelter
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
*
*Corresponding author’s E-mail: pokeweed@psu.edu
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Abstract

Common pokeweed is a competitive, simple perennial broadleaf weed that produces abundant seed, making it a frequent problem in agronomic crops in Pennsylvania. Traditionally, tillage was used to manage pokeweed; however, the wide-spread adoption of no-till, as well as a decline in the use of diverse crop rotations and soil-residual herbicides, may have allowed pokeweed populations to increase in recent years. The objective of this research was to identify effective herbicides for control of common pokeweed in corn and soybean. Herbicide efficacy experiments were conducted in separate locations from 2011 to 2013 to determine the effectiveness of POST corn and soybean herbicides for control of pokeweed. Glyphosate-resistant corn and soybean varieties were used and several herbicides were evaluated alone and in combination. The results from this work show that glyphosate is an important herbicide for successful control of pokeweed in soybean. When glyphosate was included, 79 to 91% control was achieved, while for treatments not containing glyphosate, control was not greater than 62%. In corn, several non-glyphosate herbicides, including 2,4-D, dicamba, and mesotrione plus atrazine, are options in addition to glyphosate for controlling pokeweed. Most corn treatments provided at least 80% control throughout the season and significantly reduced common pokeweed biomass compared to the nontreated control. In the year after application, pokeweed control was found to be similar to the results from the previous fall in both corn and soybean.

Phytolacca americana es una maleza perenne de hoja ancha que es competitiva y produce abundante semilla, lo que la hace un problema frecuente en cultivos agronómicos en Pennsylvania. Tradicionalmente, la labranza fue usada para manejar P. americana, sin embargo, la amplia adopción de cero labranza, además de la disminución en el uso de rotaciones de cultivos diversas y de herbicidas residuales de suelo, podrían haber permitido que poblaciones de P. americana aumentaran en años recientes. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar herbicidas efectivos para el control de P. americana en maíz y soja. En localidades separadas en 2011 y 2013, se realizaron experimentos para determinar la eficacia de herbicidas POST para maíz y soja para el control de P. americana. Variedades de maíz y soja resistentes a glyphosate fueron usadas y se evaluaron varios herbicidas solos o en combinación. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que glyphosate es un herbicida importante para el control exitoso de P. americana en soja. Cuando se incluyó glyphosate, el control alcanzó 79 a 91%, mientras que con tratamientos que no contenían glyphosate el control no fue mayor a 62%. En maíz, varios herbicidas incluyendo 2,4-D, dicamba, y mesotrione más atrazine, son opciones para el control de P. americana, además de glyphosate. La mayoría de los tratamientos en maíz brindaron al menos 80% de control durante la temporada de crecimiento y redujeron significativamente la biomasa de P. americana al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento. En el año después de la aplicación, el control de P. americana fue similar a los resultados en el otoño anterior tanto en maíz como en soja.

Keywords

Atrazinedicambamesotrioneglyphosate2,4-Dcommon pokeweed, Phytolacca americana L. PHTAMcorn, Zea mays L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Herbicide efficacyperennial weed control
Type
Weed Management-Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 31 , Issue 2 , March 2017 , pp. 193 - 201
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

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Footnotes

*

Current address of first author: Penn State Extension, Chambersburg, PA 17202.

Associate Editor for this paper: Aaron G. Hager, University of Illinois

References

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