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Effects of Adjuvants, Halosulfuron, and Grass Herbicides on Cucurbita spp. Injury and Grass Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kate J. Kammler ,
S. Alan Walters  and
Bryan G. Young
Kate J. Kammler
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, 1205 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901
S. Alan Walters
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, 1205 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901
Bryan G. Young*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, 1205 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: bgyoung@siu.edu.
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Abstract

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate pumpkin cultivar injury and control of three grass species from tank-mixtures of halosulfuron with either clethodim or sethoxydim in combination with nonionic surfactant (NIS), crop-oil concentrate (COC), methylated seed oil (MSO), and high-surfactant oil concentrate (HSOC). Pumpkin injury, in the form of chlorosis and visual growth reduction, was 13 to 21% by 7 d after treatment (DAT) for all pumpkin cultivars. The specific adjuvant used with halosulfuron did not influence pumpkin injury or final plant dry weight. Pumpkin growth reduction at 21 DAT from halosulfuron was less than 9% for all pumpkin cultivars with the least growth reduction (5% or less) observed with Cucurbita pepo ‘Howden’, C. pepo ‘Appalachian’, and Cucurbita moschata ‘Libby's Select’. The efficacy of sethoxydim or clethodim on large crabgrass was antagonized by the addition of halosulfuron with NIS or COC. However, only combinations of sethoxydim and halosulfuron with COC or MSO were antagonistic on smooth crabgrass. Giant foxtail dry weight reduction was decreased 4 to 24% by the addition of halosulfuron to sethoxydim with NIS and clethodim regardless of adjuvant. Although the frequency and magnitude of grass antagonism was variable, the use of clethodim and MSO with halosulfuron most often provided the greatest level of grass control compared with sethoxydim or other adjuvants.

Se realizaron experimentos en invernadero para evaluar el daño en cultivares de calabaza y el control de tres especies de zacates, a partir de mezclas de halosulfuron con clethodim o sethoxydim en combinación con surfactante no-iónico (NIS), concentrado de aceite vegetal (COC), aceite metilado de semilla (MSO) y un surfactante con alto concentrado de aceite (HSOC). Daños en forma de clorosis y reducción visual de crecimiento en todos los cultivares de calabaza, fueron de 13 a 21% siete días después del tratamiento (DAT). El adyuvante específico usado con halosulfuron, no influyó en daños a la calabaza o en el peso seco de la planta. A 21 DAT, la reducción en el crecimiento de dicho fruto debido a la aplicación de halosulfuron, fue menor del 9% para todos los cultivares, registrando la menor reducción en el crecimiento (5% o menos), Cucurbita pepo ‘Howden’, C. pepo “Appalachian' y C. moschata ‘Libby's Select’. La eficacia del sethoxydim o clethodim en Digitaria sanguinalis fue antagonizado por la adición de halosulfuron con NIS o COC. Sin embargo, solo combinaciones de sethoxydim y halosulfuron con COC o MSO fueron antagónicas en Digitaria ischaemum. El peso seco de Setari faberi, disminuyó entre 4 y 24% debido a la adición de halosulfuron a sethoxydim con NIS y clethodim, indistintamente del adyuvante. Aún cuando la frecuencia y la magnitud del antagonismo en gramíneas fueron variables, el uso de clethodim y MSO con halosulfuron, proporcionaron en la mayoría de los casos el mejor nivel de eficacia sobre las gramíneas comparado con sethoxydim u otros adyuvantes.

Keywords

Clethodimhalosulfuronsethoxydimgiant foxtailSetari faberi Herrm. SETFAlarge crabgrassDigitaria saguinalis (L.) Scop. DIGSAsmooth crabgrassDigitaria ischaemum Schreb. ex Muhl. DIGISpumpkinCucurbita maxima L. ‘Mammoth Gold’pumpkinCucurbita moschata L. ‘Buckskin’‘Libby's Select’pumpkinCucurbita pepo L. ‘Appalachian’‘Howden’‘Jack-be-little’Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicidesacetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicidesantagonismherbicide interactionspostemergencepumpkintank mixturesvegetable crops
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 147 - 152
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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