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Effects of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Response, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Disease Development, and Phytoalexin Production by Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kelly A. Nelson ,
Karen A. Renner  and
Ray Hammerschmidt
Kelly A. Nelson*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Karen A. Renner
Affiliation:
Departments of Crop and Soil Sciences, and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325
Ray Hammerschmidt
Affiliation:
Departments of Crop and Soil Sciences, and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: nelsonke@missouri.edu.
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Abstract

Sclerotinia stem rot is an important soybean disease. An increase in phytoalexin production with herbicide treatments may reduce the incidence of this disease in soybean. Research was conducted to determine soybean response, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum lesion development, and phytoalexin production in glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible soybean cultivars treated with protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicides. Necrosis of soybean leaves 7 d after postemergence application of oxyfluorfen at 17.5 g ai/ha, carfentrazone at 1.8 g ai/ha, sulfentrazone at 9.0 g ai/ha, fomesafen at 280 g ai/ha, acifluorfen at 425 g ai/ha, flumiclorac at 30 g ai/ha, CGA-248757 at 4 g ai/ha, and oxadiazon at 280 g ai/ha was equal to or less than lactofen at 70 g ai/ha. In a detached leaf bioassay, S. sclerotiorum lesion diameter was reduced by oxyfluorfen, carfentrazone, sulfentrazone, lactofen, fomesafen, flumiclorac, and oxadiazon compared with the untreated control. Furthermore, lesion diameter on untreated leaves of soybean treated with oxyfluorfen, carfentrazone, sulfentrazone, lactofen, fomesafen, acifluorfen, flumiclorac, CGA-248757, and oxadiazon was reduced compared with the untreated control. Lactofen and sulfentrazone increased leaf phytoalexin production similarly, but neither herbicide affected stem phytoalexin production compared with the untreated control. Glyphosate-resistant and near-isogenic–susceptible cultivars responded similarly when inoculated with S. sclerotiorum in the detached leaf bioassay. Glyphosate-resistant S20-B9 and P93B01 produced more phytoalexins than glyphosate-susceptible S 19-90 and P9281. Herbicide treatments may increase phytoalexin production in leaves of treated plants, but levels in the stem do not explain protection from Sclerotinia stem rot.

Keywords

AcifluorfencarfentrazoneCGA-248757, [[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[(tetrahydro-3-oxo-1H,3H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]pyridazin-1-yliden)amino]phenyl]thio]acetate (proposed common name, fluthiacet-methyl)flumicloracfomesafenlactofenoxadiazonoxyfluorfensulfentrazonesoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Novartis S 19-90’ (‘S 19-90’), ‘Novartis S20-B9’ (‘S20-B9’), ‘Great Lakes 2415’ (‘GL2415’), ‘Great Lakes 2600’ (‘GL2600’), ‘Pioneer 9281’ (‘P9281’), ‘Pioneer 93B01’ (‘P93B01’)Sclerotinia stem rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de BaryAryl triazinonecultivarcyclic imidediphenyl etherherbicide resistantisolinesoxadiazolephytotoxicitypostemergenceprotoporphyrinogen inhibitorSclerotinia stem rotDAT, days after treatmentNIS, nonionic surfactantGR, glyphosate resistantprotox, protoporphyrinogen oxidaseTLC, thin-layer chromatographyUAN, 28% urea ammonium nitrate
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , June 2002 , pp. 353 - 359
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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