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Evolved Resistance to Glyphosate in Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) from the Tropical Ord River Region in Australia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Todd A. Gaines ,
Andrew Cripps  and
Stephen B. Powles
Todd A. Gaines*
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, M086, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Andrew Cripps
Affiliation:
Ord River District Co-operative Ltd., P.O. Box 2120, Kununurra, WA 6743, Australia
Stephen B. Powles
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, M086, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: todd.gaines@uwa.edu.au
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine whether a junglerice population from the tropical Ord River region of northwest Australia was glyphosate resistant, and whether alternative herbicides labeled for junglerice control were still effective. Seed samples collected from the field site were initially screened with glyphosate in the glasshouse, and surviving individuals were self-pollinated for subsequent glyphosate dose-response studies. Glyphosate resistance was confirmed, as the suspected resistant population was found to be 8.6-fold more resistant to glyphosate than a susceptible population based on survival (LD50 of 3.72 kg ha−1), and 5.6-fold more resistant based on biomass reduction (GR50 of 1.16 kg ha−1). The glyphosate-resistant population was susceptible to label-recommended doses of all other herbicides assessed, including three acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) –inhibiting herbicides (fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, and sethoxydim), two acetolactate synthase (ALS) –inhibiting herbicides (imazamox and sulfometuron), paraquat, and glufosinate. Glyphosate resistance has previously evolved in numerous species found in glyphosate-resistant cropping systems, no-till chemical fallow, fence line, and perennial crop situations. Here we report the evolution of glyphosate resistance in a cropping system that included annual tillage. The evolution of glyphosate resistance in junglerice from a tropical cropping system further demonstrates the need for improved glyphosate stewardship practices globally.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si una población de Echinochloa colona de la región tropical de Ord River en el noroeste de Australia era resistente a glyphosate, y si herbicidas alternativos con etiqueta para el control de E. colona eran todavía efectivos. Muestras de semillas colectadas en el campo fueron inicialmente tratadas con glyphosate en una invernadero, y los individuos sobrevivientes fueron autopolinizados para estudios posteriores de respuesta a dosis con glyphosate. La resistencia a glyphosate fue confirmada, al determinar que la población que se sospechaba resistente fue 8.6 veces más resistente a glyphosate que la población susceptible según la sobrevivencia (LD50 de 3.72 kg ha−1) y 5.6 veces más resistentes según la reducción de biomasa (GR50 de 1.16 kg ha−1). La población resistente a glyphosate fue susceptible a las dosis recomendadas en etiqueta de todos los demás herbicidas evaluados, incluyendo tres herbicidas inhibidores de acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (fluazifop-P, haloxyfop y sethoxydim), dos herbicidas inhibidores de acetolactate synthase (ALS) (imazamox y sulfometuron), paraquat y glufosinate. La resistencia a glyphosate ha evolucionado previamente en numerosas especies que se encuentran en sistemas con cultivos resistentes a glyphosate, en barbechos químicos con cero labranza, en cercas y en situaciones con cultivos perennes. Aquí reportamos la evolución de resistencia a glyphosate en un sistema de cultivos que incluía labranza anual. La evolución de resistencia a glyphosate en E. colona en un sistema de cultivos tropical demuestra aún más la necesidad de mejorar las prácticas de buen manejo de glyphosate globalmente.

Keywords

Fluazifop-Pglufosinateglyphosatehaloxyfopimazamoxparaquat, sethoxydimsulfometuronjunglerice, Echinochloa colona (L.) LinkEvolutionglyphosate resistanceherbicide resistance
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/AREAS
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 480 - 484
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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