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Fertilizer and Fluazifop-P Inputs for Winter Bentgrass- (Agrostis hyemalis) Infested Lowbush Blueberry Fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Nathan S. Boyd ,
Scott White  and
Kailang Rao
Nathan S. Boyd*
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 CR 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
Scott White
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, 50 Stone Rd. East, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
Kailang Rao
Affiliation:
Dalhousie Agriculture Campus, 62 Cumming Dr., Truro, Nova Scotia, B2N 5E3, Canada
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: nsboyd@ufl.edu.
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Abstract

Winter bentgrass is a common, shallow-rooted perennial weed of lowbush blueberry fields. This unique production system is typically managed on a biannual cycle with blueberry shoot growth and floral bud development occurring in the first year (vegetative year) and berries harvested in the second year (crop year). An experiment was conducted in two commercial blueberry fields to determine the impact of 0, 143, or 286 kg ha−1 of 14–18–10 fertilizer applied in the vegetative year, and fluazifop-P applications in the vegetative, crop, or both years of the biannual production cycle, on winter bentgrass and blueberry growth and yield. Fluazifop-P tended to reduce winter bentgrass biomass at both sites and the vegetative year-herbicide applications had a greater impact on winter bentgrass ground cover than crop-year applications. Total weed biomass following fluazifop-P applications was reduced in the vegetative year but not the crop year due to an increase in broadleaf weed biomass. Grass biomass tended to increase with fertility inputs in the vegetative year. In all years and sites, the application of fertilizers without herbicides increased grass biomass compared to the use of fertilizers combined with herbicides. Blueberry floral bud numbers per stem, flowers per stem, and berry yield tended to increase with vegetative year applications of fluazifop-P, although differences were not significant. These data indicate that winter bentgrass management is best achieved with herbicide applications in the vegetative year and this might result in yield increases, especially if broadleaf weeds also are adequately controlled.

Agrostis hyemalis es una maleza perenne de raíces superficiales común en campos de arándano de porte bajo. Este sistema de producción es manejado típicamente en un ciclo bienal, con el crecimiento de la parte aérea del arándano y el desarrollo de las yemas florales ocurriendo en el primer año (año vegetativo) y con la cosecha de bayas en el segundo año (año de cosecha). Se realizó un experimento en dos campos comerciales de arándano para determinar el impacto de aplicaciones de fertilizante 14-18-10 a 0, 143, ó 286 kg ha−1 en el año vegetativo, y de aplicaciones de fluazifop-P en los años vegetativo, cosecha y ambos del ciclo bienal de producción, sobre el crecimiento de A. hyemalis y el crecimiento y rendimiento del arándano. Fluazifop-P tendió a reducir la biomasa de A. hyemalis en ambos sitios y las aplicaciones de herbicida en el año vegetativo tuvieron un mayor impacto en la cobertura del suelo de A. hyemalis que las aplicaciones en el año de cosecha. La biomasa total de las malezas después de las aplicaciones de fluazifop-P se redujo en el año vegetativo pero no en el año de cosecha debido al aumento en la biomasa de malezas de hoja ancha. En todos los años y sitios, la aplicación de fertilizantes sin herbicidas incrementó la biomasa de malezas gramíneas al compararse con el uso de fertilizantes en combinación con herbicidas. El número de yemas florales del arándano, las flores por tallo, y el rendimiento de bayas tendió a incrementar con las aplicaciones de fluazifop-P en el año vegetativo, aunque las diferencias no fueron significativas. Estos datos indican que el manejo de A. hyemalis se alcanza mejor con aplicaciones de herbicidas en el año vegetativo y esto podría resultar en aumentos en el rendimiento, especialmente si las malezas de hoja ancha son adecuadamente controladas.

Keywords

Fluazifop-Pwinter bentgrass, Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.)lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.Perennial cropspostemergence herbicidesweed management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , September 2014 , pp. 527 - 534
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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