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Germination and Growth of Leafflower (Phyllanthus urinaria) as Affected by Cultural Conditions and Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Glenn R. Wehtje ,
Charles H. Gilliam  and
Jesse A. Reeder
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Auburn Univ. AL 36849
Charles H. Gilliam
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic. Ala. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ. AL 36849
Jesse A. Reeder
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic. Ala. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ. AL 36849
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Abstract

Factors affecting the germination and seedling growth of leafflower were evaluated. Germination required exposure to light. Seeds covered with a 1-cm deep layer of pine bark mulch failed to emerge. Maximum seedling development occurred in full exposure to sunlight; shading that reduced light intensity more than 26% was inhibitory. Maximum seed germination (79%) occurred between 25 and 35 C; temperatures outside this range were inhibitory. Germination was strongly influenced by osmotic potential. Osmotic potentials of 0, 304, and 507 kPa resulted in 85, 24 and 14% germination, respectively. PRE applications of either granular formulated oxadiazon at 4.5 kg ha–1, or premixed granular formulated oxyfluorfen + oryzalin at 4.6 + 2.3 kg ha–1, provided a minimum of 85% control. The following POST treatments provided a minimum of 90% control of mature plants: paraquat at 0.21 kg ha–1, glyphosate at 0.56 kg ha–1, oxyfluorfen at 1.12 kg ha–1, and acifluorfen at 2.24 kg ha–1.

Keywords

Acifluorfen, 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acidglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycineoryzalin, 4-(dipropylamino)3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamideoxadiazon, 3-[2,4-dichloro-5-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl]-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-(3H)-oneoxyfluorfen, 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneparaquat, dichloride salt of 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ionleafflower, Phyllanthus urinaria L. ♯ PYLURMulchingweed biologyweed seed germinationoryzalinoxadiazonoxyfluorfenparaquatPYLUR
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , March 1992 , pp. 139 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

Literature Cited

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