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Glyphosate-Resistant Hairy Fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) Is Reported in Greece

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ilias S. Travlos  and
Dimosthenis Chachalis
Ilias S. Travlos*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75, Iera Odos St., 11855 Athens, Greece
Dimosthenis Chachalis
Affiliation:
Department of Weed Science, Benaki Phytopatholigical Institute, 8 St. Delta Str., 14561, Kifissia, Greece
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: htravlos@yahoo.gr.
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Abstract

Overreliance on glyphosate can increase the risks of reduced efficacy of the herbicide on weeds and weed resistance, even in regions without glyphosate-resistant crops. That is the reality in Greece, with frequent reports of reduced efficacy of glyphosate against increasingly problematic weeds, such as Conyza spp. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of glyphosate resistance in hairy fleabane populations in central and southern Greece and the effect of weed growth stage on glyphosate efficacy under controlled environmental conditions and to evaluate alternative herbicides in field trials for control of glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible hairy fleabane. Plants from 60 accessions of hairy fleabane, sampled from five prefectures in Greece, were sprayed with glyphosate at 0.36 kg ae ha−1; 15 were classified as potentially resistant. After initial screening, 15 potentially susceptible or resistant accessions were selected and dose–response experiments were conducted. Glyphosate rates required to control some accessions were four to seven times greater than that for control of the reference susceptible accession, AR4. Sensitivity of a resistant hairy fleabane accession to glyphosate was strongly dependent on growth stage, with plants at the seedling stage being most sensitive to the herbicide. A field trial indicated that diquat, glufosinate, or glufosinate + oxyfluorfen controlled glyphosate-resistant or -susceptible hairy fleabane. These herbicides, along with various integrated management strategies, have good potential to manage or slow the spread of glyphosate resistance in this species.

El uso excesivo del glifosato puede incrementar los riesgos de reducir la eficacia del herbicida en las malezas y la resistencia de las mismas, incluso en regiones sin cultivos resistentes al herbicida anteriormente mencionado. Esa es la realidad en Grecia, con reportes frecuentes de la disminución de la eficacia del glifosato contra malezas cada vez más problemáticas, tal como la Conyza spp. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron determinar la ocurrencia de la resistencia al glifosato en poblaciones de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBO, en el centro y el sur de Grecia, el efecto de la etapa de crecimiento de la maleza sobre la eficacia de glifosato bajo condiciones ambientales controladas y evaluar herbicidas alternativos en ensayos de campo para el control de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBO tanto resistente como susceptible al glifosato. Las plantas de 60 accesiones de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBO, muestreadas de 5 prefecturas en Grecia, fueron rociadas con glifosato a 0.36 kg ea ha−1; 15 se clasificaron como potencialmente resistentes. Después de la selección inicial, se escogieron 15 accesiones potencialmente susceptibles o resistentes y se realizaron con ellas experimentos de respuesta a las dosis. Las dosis de glifosato requerido para controlar algunas accesiones fueron de 4 a 7 veces mayores que la necesaria para el control de la accesión susceptible de referencia, AR4. La sensibilidad de una accesión de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBO resistente al glifosato, resultó ser fuertemente dependiente de la etapa de crecimiento, siendo las plantas en la etapa de espigamiento, más sensibles al herbicida. Un estudio de campo mostró que el diquat, glufosinate, o glufosinate+oxyfluorfen controlaron la Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBO resistente o susceptible al glifosato. Estos herbicidas, usados con diversas estrategias integradas de manejo de malezas, tienen un buen potencial para controlar o reducir el avance de la resistencia al glifosato en estas especies.

Keywords

Diquatglufosinateglyphosateoxyfluorfenhairy fleabane, Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. ERIBODose responseglyphosate resistanceherbicidesurvey
Type
Weed Biology and Competition
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 569 - 573
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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