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Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) in Mississippi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Clifford H. Koger ,
Daniel H. Poston ,
Robert M. Hayes  and
Robert F. Montgomery
Clifford H. Koger*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Daniel H. Poston
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS
Robert M. Hayes
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Robert F. Montgomery
Affiliation:
Monsanto Company, Union City, TN
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ckoger@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Survival of horseweed in several glyphosate-tolerant cotton and soybean fields treated with glyphosate at recommended rates preplant and postemergence was observed in Mississippi and Tennessee in 2001 and 2002. Plants originating from seed collected from fields where horseweed escapes occurred in 2002 were grown in the greenhouse to the 5-leaf, 13- to 15-leaf, and 25- to 30-leaf growth stages and treated with the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate at 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.21, 0.42, 0.84, 1.68, 3.36, 6.72, and 13.44 kg ae/ha to determine if resistance to glyphosate existed in any biotype. All biotypes exhibited an 8- to 12-fold level of resistance to glyphosate when compared with a susceptible biotype. One resistant biotype from Mississippi was two- to fourfold more resistant than other resistant biotypes. Growth stage had little effect on level of glyphosate resistance. The glyphosate rate required to reduce biomass of glyphosate-resistant horseweed by 50% (GR50) increased from 0.14 to 2.2 kg/ha as plant size increased from the 5-leaf to 25- to 30-leaf growth stage. The GR50 rate for the susceptible biotype increased from 0.02 to 0.2 kg/ha glyphosate. These results demonstrate that the difficult-to-control biotypes were resistant to glyphosate, that resistant biotypes could survive glyphosate rates of up to 6.72 kg/ha, and that plant size affected both resistant and susceptible biotypes in a similar manner.

Keywords

Glyphosatehorseweed, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. # ERICAcotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrBiomass reductionglyphosate resistanceherbicide resistanceherbicide toleranceweed resistanceDAT, day after treatmentPOST, postemergenceWAT, week after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 820 - 825
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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