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Herbicide Seed Treatments for Control of Purple Witchweed (Striga hermonthica) in Sorghum and Millet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bouréma Dembélé ,
Daouda Dembélé  and
James H. Westwood
Bouréma Dembélé
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Avenue Mohamed 5, BP 258 Bamako, Mali
Daouda Dembélé
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Avenue Mohamed 5, BP 258 Bamako, Mali
James H. Westwood*
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Blacksburg, VA 24061
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: westwood@vt.edu
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Abstract

A promising approach for the control of parasitic weeds is herbicide seed priming, which consists of soaking crop seeds in a herbicide solution such that the herbicide is later present in the crop seedling to inhibit growth of attaching parasites. This technique is effective where selectivity exists between crop and parasite; for example, varieties of imidazolinone-resistant maize. However, seed priming has not been reported for sorghum or pearl millet, two crops that are greatly affected by purple witchweed. Research was initiated to evaluate herbicides for potential use as seed priming agents in these crops. Auxin-mimic and acetolactate synthase-inhibitor class herbicides were evaluated; specifically, clopyralid, 2,4-DB, dicamba, picloram, and prosulfuron. For sorghum, immersion of seed in 0.5% (w/v) ae 2,4-DB for 5 min 1 d before planting reduced purple witchweed densities to levels 20 to 50% of nontreated controls. However, this concentration was at the threshold of crop toxicity and reduced sorghum yields in some experiments. None of the herbicides tested consistently reduced purple witchweed on pearl millet. This research illustrates both the potential and limitations of adapting seed priming technology for sorghum and pearl millet.

Keywords

clopyralid2,4-DBdicambapicloramprosulfuronpurple witchweed, Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth, # STRHEpearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum L.sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) MoenchHerbicide seed treatmentparasitic weedseed primingALS, acetolactate synthaseDAP, days after planting
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , September 2005 , pp. 629 - 635
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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