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Imidazolinone-Resistant Soft Red Winter Wheat Weed Control and Crop Response to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Timothy L. Grey*
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
George S. Cutts III
Affiliation:
Texas Agricultural Experiment Station 1102 East FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403
Jerry Johnson
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tgrey@uga.edu

Abstract

Inability to control Italian ryegrass in soft red winter wheat can result in reduced yields, reduced quality, or both and cause double-crop planting to be inefficient. Experiments were conducted at Plains, GA, to evaluate diclofop-susceptible Italian ryegrass control in a single-gene imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant wheat using imazamox, mesosulfuron, and diclofop. Treatments were applied at variable rates and tank mixtures to the IMI-resistant soft red winter wheat ‘AGS CL7’ at Feekes' stages 1 (EMERG) or 2 (POST). Lower Italian ryegrass control of 78% or less was observed with single treatments of EMERG or POST herbicide applications. Diclofop provided maximum Italian ryegrass control of 79% or greater with minimal injury to wheat cultivar AGS CL 7. Sequential applications of diclofop at EMERG followed by imazamox, mesosulfuron, or diclofop POST provided maximum Italian ryegrass control at 86% or greater. The efficacy of the acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides registered for wheat weed control for AGS CL7 and ‘AGS 2000’ (conventional) was also evaluated. Mesosulfuron at 40 g ai ha−1 resulted in 17% injury at 7 d after application (DAA), tribenuron at 40 g ai ha−1 caused 9% injury 7 DAA, and pyroxsulam at 190 g ai ha−1 caused 7% injury at 7 DAA, but was transient and not observed after heading or at harvest. No yield differences were noted between the nontreated control for AGS 2000 and AGS CL 7 for chlorsulfuron, mesosulfuron, thifensulfuron, tribenuron, prosulfuron, and pyroxsulam.

La inhabilidad para controlar Lolium perenne en el trigo rojo suave de invierno puede resultar en reducción de rendimientos y/o calidad y causar que la doble siembra de este cereal sea ineficiente. Se realizaron experimentos en Plains, Georgia para evaluar el control de L. perenne susceptible a diclofop en trigo con un solo gen de resistencia a imidazolinone (IMI), usando imazamox, mesosulfuron y diclofop. Los tratamientos se aplicaron a dosis y mezclas variables a la variedad de trigo AGS CL7 resistente a IMI en las etapas Feekes 1 (EMERG) o 2 (POST). Un control bajo de L. perenne de 78% o menos, fue observado con tratamientos de una aplicación de herbicida en EMERG o POST. Diclofop proporcionó el mayor control de L. perenne de 79% o más, con daño mínimo al cultivar de trigo AGS CL 7. Las aplicaciones secuenciales de diclofop en EMERG seguidas de imazamox, mesosulfuron, o diclofop POST proporcionaron el máximo control de L. perenne, 86% o mayor. La eficacia de los herbicidas inhibidores acetolactate synthase (ALS) registrada para el control de malezas en trigo para los cultivares AGS CL7 y AGS 2000 (convencional) también fue evaluada. Mesosulfuron a 40 g ia ha−1 resultó en 17% de daño a los 7 días después de la aplicación (DAA); tribenuron a 40 g ia ha−1 causó 9% de daño a los 7 DAA; pyroxsulam a 190 g ia ha−1 causó 7% de daño a los 7 DAA, pero éste fue transitorio y no fue observado después de la floración o en la cosecha. No se notaron diferencias en el rendimiento entre los testigos no tratados para AGS 2000 y AGS CL 7 y los tratamientos con chlorsulfuron, mesosulfuron, thifensulfuron, tribenuron, prosulfuron y pyroxsulam.

Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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