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Influence of Clethodim Application Timing on Control of Volunteer Corn in Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Paul T. Marquardt  and
William G. Johnson
Paul T. Marquardt
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
William G. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: wgj@purdue.edu
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Abstract

Herbicide options for management of volunteer corn in soybean include a variety of acetyl CoA carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides, yet often, applications of acetyl CoA carboxylase herbicides are delayed until the weed is visible above the soybean canopy. Volunteer corn growing above the soybean canopy is a highly competitive weed, and herbicides applied at this point can kill the weed, yet soybean yield loss is still a concern. Our objective was to compare the effect of controlling various densities of volunteer corn growing in soybean EARLY (≤ 30 cm) versus LATE (≈ 90 cm) on percent control and soybean yield. Seven volunteer corn densities (0, 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 plants m−2) were hand planted into 19-cm row soybean. Clethodim 79 g ai ha−1 was tank-mixed with glyphosate at 840 g ae ha−1 and applied to the volunteer corn EARLY and LATE. The EARLY application provided higher and less variable control of volunteer corn 14 d after treatment (DAT) compared to LATE applications at all volunteer corn densities. There was no difference in control at 28 DAT for both the EARLY and LATE applications. Soybean yield was not affected by either application timing. Although no yield reduction was seen with the LATE treatments, later-season applications of clethodim to control volunteer corn may offer more variable control and could allow for additional Bt selection pressure on targeted insect pests.

Las opciones de herbicidas para el manejo de maíz voluntario en soya incluyen una variedad de herbicidas inhibidores de acetyl CoA carboxilase, aunque a menudo, las aplicaciones de este tipo de herbicidas es retrasada hasta que las malezas son visibles por encima del dosel de la soya. El maíz voluntario que llega a crecer por encima del dosel de la soya es una maleza altamente competitiva, y los herbicidas que se aplican en este punto pueden matar a la maleza, pero las pérdidas de rendimiento de la soya continúan siendo una preocupación. Nuestro objetivo fue comparar el efecto de controlar varias densidades de maíz voluntario creciendo dentro de la soya, temprano (≤30 cm) versus tarde (≈90 cm), sobre el porcentaje de control y el rendimiento de la soya. Siete densidades de maíz voluntario (0, 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 12, y 19 plantas m−2) fueron plantadas en soya sembrada en hileras espaciadas a 19 cm. Se aplicó una mezcla en tanque de clethodim a 79 g ai ha−1 con glyphosate a 840 g ae ha−1 a maíz voluntario temprano y tardío. La aplicación temprana brindó mayor control y control menos variable del maíz voluntario 14 d después del tratamiento (DAT) al compararse con las aplicaciones tardías en todas las densidades de maíz voluntario. No hubo diferencias en control a 28 DAT en ninguna de las aplicaciones temprana y tardía. El rendimiento de la soya no fue afectado por ninguno de los momentos de aplicación. Aunque no se observaron reducciones en el rendimiento de la soya producto de las aplicaciones tardías, aplicaciones tardías con clethodim al maíz voluntario durante la temporada de crecimiento podrían favorecer un control más variable y podrían permitir mayor presión de selección de resistencia a Bt en insectos plaga.

Keywords

GlyphosateclethodimcornZea mays L.soybeanGlycine max (L.) MerrBtBacillus thuringiensis BerlinerHerbicide resistancevolunteer cornweed competition
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 645 - 648
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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