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Influence of Cover Crops on Weed Management in Strip Tillage Peanut

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bridget R. Lassiter ,
David L. Jordan ,
Gail G. Wilkerson ,
Barbara B. Shew  and
Rick L. Brandenburg
Bridget R. Lassiter
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
David L. Jordan*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
Gail G. Wilkerson
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
Barbara B. Shew
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7903, Raleigh, NC 27695
Rick L. Brandenburg
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: david_jordan@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted in North Carolina during 2005, 2006, and 2007 to determine peanut and weed response when peanut was planted in strip tillage after desiccation of cereal rye, Italian ryegrass, oats, triticale, wheat, and native vegetation by glyphosate and paraquat before planting with three in-season herbicide programs. Control of common ragweed and yellow nutsedge did not differ among cover crop treatments when compared within a specific herbicide program. Applying dimethenamid or S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PRE followed by imazapic POST was more effective than a chloroacetamide herbicide PRE followed by acifluorfen, bentazon, and paraquat POST. Incidence of spotted wilt in peanut (caused by a Tospovirus) did not differ when comparing cover crop treatments, regardless of herbicide program. Peanut yield increased in all 3 yr when herbicides were applied POST, compared with clethodim only. Peanut yield was not affected by cover crop treatment. Response to cover crop treatments was comparable, suggesting that growers can select cereal rye, Italian ryegrass, oats, or triticale as an alternative to wheat as a cover crop in peanut systems without experiencing differences associated with in-season weed management.

Durante 2005, 2006 y 2007 se realizaron experimentos en Carolina del Norte para determinar la respuesta del cacahuate (maní) y de las malezas cuando esta leguminosa fue sembrada con labranza en bandas después de la quema química del centeno (Secale cereale), Lolium multiflorum, avena (Avena sativa), triticale (Triticale hexaploide), trigo (Triticum aestivum) y vegetación nativa, aplicando glifosato y paraquat antes de la siembra, con tres programas de herbicida durante el ciclo del cultivo. El control de Ambrosia artemisiifolia y Cyperus esculentus no difirió entre los tratamientos de cultivos de cobertura cuando se comparó dentro del mismo programa específico de herbicidas. La aplicación de dimethenamid o S-metolachlor más diclosulam PRE seguida por imazapic POST, fue más efectiva que el tratamiento con chloroacetamide PRE seguido por acifluorfen, bentazon, y paraquat POST. La incidencia de marchitez moteada severa en el cacahuate (causado por un Tospovirus), no difirió cuando se compararon tratamientos de cultivos de cobertura, sin importar el programa de herbicida. El rendimiento del cacahuate se incrementó en los tres años cuando los herbicidas se aplicaron POST comparado con clethodim solamente. El rendimiento no fue afectado por el tipo de tratamiento de cultivo de cobertura. La respuesta a los tratamientos de cobertura fue similar, lo que sugiere que los agricultores pueden seleccionar centeno, avena, triticale o L. multiflorum como una cobertura alternativa al trigo en los sistemas de cultivo del cacahuate, sin experimentar diferencias asociadas con el manejo de malezas durante el ciclo del cultivo.

Keywords

Acifluorfenbentazonglyphosateimazapicparaquatcommon ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L.cereal rye, Secale cereale L.Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lamoats, Avena sativa L.peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.triticale, Triticale hexaploide Lartwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Integrated pest managementweed managementtomato spotted wilt virus
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , December 2011 , pp. 568 - 573
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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