Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T01:52:56.584Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of Flame Cultivation on Mortality of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Pests and Beneficial Insects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Simone Seifert  and
Charles E. Snipes
Simone Seifert
Affiliation:
Faculty of Hort. and Agric, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
Charles E. Snipes
Affiliation:
Delta Res. and Ext. Ctr., Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field studies to determine the effect of flame cultivation on cotton pests and beneficial insects were conducted in 1994. Mortality of caged tarnished plant bugs and convergent lady beetles located at the soil surface and canopy heights of 10 and 20 cm above the ground in 25- to 30-cm cotton was recorded after flaming at two liquid propane-gas (LP-gas) pressure settings with or without water-shield protection. Air temperatures, measured proximal to insects during flame treatments, were lower at higher levels in the cotton canopy regardless of LP-gas pressure and the presence or absence of water-shield protection. A mortality of 100% was observed at the soil surface for both insect species in all treatments. Plant bug and lady beetle mortality was lower at the 10- and 20-cm heights relative to soil surface values after flaming at 100 kPa LP-gas pressure. After treatments at 175 kPa, only the mortality of lady beetles at 20 cm above the ground was lower than mortality obtained at the soil surface and 10-cm height. Although flaming induced lady beetle mortality, these beneficial insects were not affected to the same extent as plant bugs at higher canopy levels.

Keywords

Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘DES 119’convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens [Guérin.]tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris [Palisot de Beauvois]Flamingintegrated pest managementIPMtemperaturethermal weed control
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , September 1996 , pp. 544 - 549
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Baker, R. S. 1968. Weed control by heat. p. 81–84 in Baker, R. S., ed. Principles of Plant and Animal Pest Control. Volume II Weed Control. Washington, DC. Pub. 1597.Google Scholar
2. Barr, H. T. 1947. Flame cultivation. Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. No. 415. p. 1–15.Google Scholar
3. Bryson, C. P. and Houston, W. 1971. Flame cultivation. Mississippi Coop. Ext. Serv., Info. Sheet 453:1–2.Google Scholar
4. Byrd, J. D. Jr., Brown, S. M., and Snipes, C. E. 1994. A rekindled interest in flame cultivation in cotton. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 47:178–180.Google Scholar
5. Byrd, J. D. Jr. and Snipes, C. E. 1994. Flame cultivation in cotton. Mississippi Coop. Ext. Serv., Info. Sheet 1500:1–2.Google Scholar
6. Gattis, J. L. 1971. Flame cultivation. Agric. Ext. Serv., University of Arkansas, Leaflet 253 (Rev.): 2–8.Google Scholar
7. Hanny, B. W., Cleveland, T. C., and Meredith, W. R. Jr. 1977. Effects of tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris), infestation on presquaring cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Environ. Ent. 6:460–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Hansen, R. W. and Simpson, R. G. 1969. Agricultural flaming for insect and weed control in Colorado. Colorado Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. No. 538S:1–2.Google Scholar
9. Head, R. B. 1980. Control plant bugs. Mississippi Coop. Ext. Serv., Info. Sheet 1127:1–2.Google Scholar
10. Head, R. B. and Williams, M. R. 1993. Pests, thresholds, and the cotton plant. Mississippi Coop. Ext. Serv., Pub. 1614:1–4.Google Scholar
11. Hoffmann, M. 1989. Abflammtechnik. Alternative Konzepte 58 C, F. Mueller Verlag Karlsruhe.Google Scholar
12. Leigh, T. F., Black, J. H., Jackson, C. E., and Burton, V. E. 1966. Insecticides and beneficial insects in cotton fields. California Agric. 20:4–6.Google Scholar
13. Leigh, T. F. and Matthews, G. A. 1994. Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) and other Hemiptera. p. 367–373 in Matthews, G. A. and Tunstall, J. P., ed. Insect Pests in Cotton. Cab International, New York.Google Scholar
14. Matthews, E. J. and Smith, H. Jr. 1971. Water-shielded, high-speed flame weeding of cotton. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 24:393–398.Google Scholar
15. Parker, R. E., Burt, E. C., Fulgham, F. E., and Merkl, M. E. 1964. Effectiveness of a USDA-developed middle flamer on boll weevil destruction inside cotton squares. USDA-ARS 42-104:1–12.Google Scholar
16. Patin, T. R., Mayeux, M. M., Standifer, L. C., and Wright, M. E. 1966. Preliminary studies on the measurement of the cambial temperature in flame-exposed cotton stems. Proc. South. Weed Conf. 19:505–511.Google Scholar
17. Pitre, H. N. and Hurt, B. C. Jr. 1968. Flaming assists insecticides in fight against alfalfa weevil. Mississippi Agric. Exp. Stn. Info. Sheet 1010:1–2.Google Scholar
18. Williford, J. R., Wooten, O. B., Baker, R. S., and Barrentine, W. L. 1973. Water-shield flame cultivation for cotton and soybeans. Mississippi Agric. and For. Exp. Stn. Info. Sheet 1217:1–2.Google Scholar