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Influence of Herbicide Safeners on Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Tolerance to Herbicides
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 January 2017
Abstract
Glasshouse research was conducted to investigate the efficacy of herbicide safeners for improving creeping bentgrass (CBG) tolerance to various herbicides. CBG injury from amicarbazone (150 g ha−1), bispyribac-sodium (110 g ha−1), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (35 g ha−1), imazapic (45 g ha−1), quinclorac (1,050 g ha−1), or topramezone (37 g ha−1) applied in combination with the herbicide safeners naphthalic anhydride or isoxadifen-ethyl was evaluated. These safeners reduced CBG injury from topramezone only. Topramezone was then applied in combination with naphthalic anhydride, isoxadifen-ethyl, cloquintocet-mexyl (cloquintocet), fenchlorazole-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, and benoxacor. These experiments determined that CBG injury was lowest from topramezone in combination with cloquintocet. Additional experiments evaluated topramezone (37 g ha−1) with several rates of cloquintocet and determined that applications at ≥ 28 g ha−1 reduced CBG injury similarly. Cloquintocet (28 g ha−1) increased topramezone I50 values against CBG, but not large crabgrass or goosegrass. The cytochrome P450 (cP450) inhibitor malathion (1000 g ha−1) reduced topramezone I50 values against CBG in one experimental run. Topramezone–cloquintocet combinations warrant further research in field settings.
En un estudio en invernadero, se investigó la eficacia de antídotos de herbicidas para mejorar la tolerancia del césped Agrostis stolonifera (CBG) a varios herbicidas. Se evaluó el daño en CBG causado por amicarbazone (150 g ai ha−1), bispyribac-sodium (110 g ai ha−1), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (35 g ai ha−1), imazapic (45 g ai ha−1), quinclorac (1,050 g ai ha−1), o topramezone (37 g ai ha−1) aplicados en combinación con los antídotos de herbicidas naphthalic anhydride o isoxadifen-ethyl. Estos antídotos solamente redujeron el daño causado por topramezone. Posteriormente, se aplicó topramezone en combinación con naphthalic anhydride, isoxadifen-ethyl, cloquintocet-mexyl (cloquintocet), fenchlorazole-ethyl, mefenpy-diethyl, y benoxacor. Estos experimentos determinaron que el menor daño en CBG se dio con topramezone combinado con cloquintocet. Experimentos adicionales evaluaron topramezone (37 g ha−1) con varias dosis de cloquintocet y se determinó que las aplicaciones a ≥ 28 g ha−1 redujeron el daño en CBG en forma similar. Cloquintocet (28 g ai ha−1) incrementó los valores de I50 de topramezone en CBG, pero no en Digitaria sanguinalis o Eleusine indica. El inhibidor del cytochrome P450 (cP450) malathion (1000 g ai ha−1) redujo los valores de I50 de topramezone en una de las corridas experimentales. El uso de combinaciones de topramezone con cloquintocet debe ser investigado en condiciones de campo.
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