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Interaction of Prodiamine and Flumioxazin for Nursery Weed Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Glenn Wehtje ,
Charles H. Gilliam  and
Stephen C. Marble
Glenn Wehtje*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Charles H. Gilliam
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Stephen C. Marble
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: wehtjgr@auburn.edu.
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Abstract

Both prodiamine and flumioxazin are used in the nursery production and landscape maintenance industries in the southeastern United States for preemergence weed control. Research was conducted to determine whether a tank mixture of these two herbicides would be more effective than either component applied alone. Prodiamine alone, flumioxazin alone, and a 72 : 28 (by weight) prodiamine–flumioxazin mixture were each applied at a series of rates to containers filled with a pine bark–sand substrate that is typical for nursery production in the southeastern United States. Our intent was to have a rate range that hopefully extended from ineffective to lethal for each treatment series. Subsequent to treatment, containers were overseeded with either large crabgrass, spotted spurge, or eclipta. Percent control was determined by comparing treated weed foliage fresh weight to that of the appropriate nontreated control at 6 and 12 wk after application. ANOVA followed by nonlinear regression was used to evaluate the interaction of prodiamine and flumioxazin when combined and to determine the rate of each treatment series required for 95% control (if applicable) for each of the three weed species. Results varied with weed species. The mixture was synergistic and more cost effective than either of the components applied alone in controlling spotted spurge. With respect to large crabgrass control, the mixture was additive and slightly more cost effective than the components. Eclipta could only be controlled with flumioxazin, and this control was antagonized by the addition of prodiamine.

Tanto el prodiamine como el flumioxazin son utilizados en los invernaderos y en la industria de arquitectura y mantenimiento de jardines en el sureste de los Estados Unidos para el control de malezas en pre-emergencia. Una investigación se llevo al cabo para determinar si las mezclas de estos dos herbicidas serían más efectivas que cada uno de sus componentes aplicados por separado. El prodiamine y el flumioxazin aplicados individualmente y en mezcla a 72 : 28 (por peso), en diferentes dosis a maceteros llenos con un sustrato de arena con corteza de pino, la cual es típica en el cultivo en invernaderos en esa región. Nuestra intención fue obtener un rango de dosis que se extendiera de total in-efectividad hasta la muerte para cada tratamiento. Después del tratamiento, los maceteros fueron hiper-sembrados ya sea con Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small. ó Eclipta alba (L.). A las 6 y 12 semanas después de la aplicación, el porcentaje de control fue determinado a través de comparar el peso del follaje de la maleza fresca con el peso de los que no fueron tratados. ANOVA seguida por una regresión no lineal se utilizó para evaluar la interacción de prodiamine y de flumioxazin cuando fueron combinados y para determinar la dosis requerida de cada tratamiento con el fin de obtener el 95% de control (si fuera aplicable) para cada una de las 3 especies de maleza. Los resultados variaron de acuerdo a la especie de maleza. La mezcla fue sinergética y más efectiva en cuanto a sus costos que cualquiera de sus componentes aplicados por separado en el control de Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small. Respecto al control de Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop, la mezcla fue aditiva y ligeramente más rentable que los componentes. La Eclipta alba (L.) solamente podría ser controlada con flumioxazin, y este control se antagoniza con la adición de prodiamine.

Keywords

flumioxazinprodiamineeclipta, Eclipta alba (L.) Hassklarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scopspotted spurge, Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Smallherbicide interactionsnonlinear regressionornamental plant productionsoilless growth media
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 504 - 509
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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