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Postemergence Control of Glyphosate/Paraquat-Resistant Hairy Fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) in Tree Nut Orchards in the Central Valley of California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Marcelo L. Moretti ,
Anil Shrestha ,
Kurt J. Hembree  and
Bradley D. Hanson
Marcelo L. Moretti*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences MS4, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
Anil Shrestha
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, California State University, 2415 E. San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA 93740
Kurt J. Hembree
Affiliation:
University of California Cooperative Extension, 1720 S. Maple Ave., Fresno, CA 93702
Bradley D. Hanson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences MS4, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: mlmoretti@ucdavis.edu.
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Abstract

Hairy fleabane is an important weed in orchards and vineyards of California. Populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-paraquat-resistant (GPR) hairy fleabane have been documented in California but very little information is available on the efficacy of other POST herbicides on these populations. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of several POST herbicides registered in almond orchards on GPR, GR, and glyphosate/paraquat-susceptible (GPS) hairy fleabane plants. Plants were treated at the 8- to 12-leaf stage in greenhouse experiments, and at the bolting to flowering stage in field experiments. A sequential application of glyphosate (1,100 g ae ha−1) followed by paraquat (500 g ai ha−1) 14 d later did not control the GPR plants in any of the studies, but was effective in controlling the GR and GPS plants. Glufosinate at 1,050 g ai ha−1 or saflufenacil at 48.8 g ai ha−1 resulted in 90% or greater control of all populations in all studies, whereas glyphosate (1,100 g ae ha−1) + 2,4-D (1,090 g ae ha−1) resulted in inconsistent control (58 to 100%). The GPR population was not resistant to other common POST herbicide modes of action used in California tree nut orchards, and glufosinate and saflufenacil can provide growers effective management options for hairy fleabane in these crops.

Conyza bonariensis es una maleza importante en plantaciones de frutales y viñedos de California. Poblaciones de C. bonariensis resistentes a glyphosate (GR) y resistentes a glyphosate/paraquat (GPR) han sido documentadas en California, pero hay poca información acerca de la eficacia de otros herbicidas POST en estas poblaciones. Experimentos de invernadero y de campo fueron realizados para evaluar la eficacia de varios herbicidas POST registrados para uso en plantaciones de almendra sobre plantas de C. bonariensis GPR, GR, y susceptibles a glyphosate/paraquat (GPS). Las plantas fueron tratadas en el estadio de 8 a 12 hojas, en los experimentos de invernadero, y en el estadio de producción del tallo floral a la floración, en los experimentos de campo. La aplicación secuencial de glyphosate (1,100 g ae ha−1) seguida de paraquat (500 g ai ha−1) 14 d más tarde, no controló a las plantas GPR en ninguno de los estudios, pero fue efectiva para el control de las plantas GR y GPS. Aplicaciones de glufosinate a 1,050 g ai ha−1 o saflufenacil a 48.8 g ai ha−1 resultaron en 90% de control o más para todas las poblaciones en todos los estudios, mientras que glyphosate (1,100 g ae ha−1) + 2,4-D (1,090 g ae ha−1) resultó en control inconsistente (58 a 100%). La población GPR no fue resistente a herbicidas de otros modos de acción comunes usados en plantaciones de árboles de nueces en California. Glufosinate y saflufenacil pueden brindar a los productores opciones efectivas para el manejo de C. bonariensis en estos cultivos.

Keywords

2,4-Dcarfentrazoneglufosinateglyphosateparaquatsaflufenacilhairy fleabane, Conyza bonariensis (L.) Conquistalmond, Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. WebAlmond weed managementhairy fleabaneherbicide resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , September 2015 , pp. 501 - 508
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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