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Potential for Halosulfuron to Control Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata) in Container-Grown Landscape Plants and Its Sorption to Container Rooting Substrate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Glenn R. Wehtje ,
Charles H. Gilliam ,
Timothy L. Grey  and
Eugene K. Blythe
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Charles H. Gilliam
Affiliation:
Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Timothy L. Grey*
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794
Eugene K. Blythe
Affiliation:
Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tgrey@uga.edu
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Abstract

Eclipta is a seed-borne summer annual that is problematic in the production of container-grown landscape plants. Halosulfuron at 70 g/ha is registered as a directed application to landscape areas but not to container-grown landscape plants. Halosulfuron was applied preemergence (PRE) to seeded eclipta and postemergence (POST) to progressively older eclipta seedlings at rates ranging from 0.18 to 100 g/ha. For halosulfuron PRE treatments, eclipta control was determined from the foliage weight of surviving seedlings. For halosulfuron POST treatments, control was determined from the weight of foliage regrowth following the removal of the treated foliage 2 wk after treatment. Nonlinear regression and log-logistic analysis indicated that the rate required for 90% control (I90) for halosulfuron PRE was 45 g/ha. For halosulfuron POST, the I90 was 60 g/ha for plants having five or fewer true leaves and 98 g/ha for plants that had lateral branching from the basal crown. Analysis estimated the I90 for flowering-sized eclipta exceeded 300 g/ha. Selective placement studies revealed that the phytotoxicity resulting from POST treatments occurs by foliar and root uptake, with foliar exposure having greater activity. For POST treatments that were limited to foliage-only contact, a split application increased control up to 25% compared with a single application of the same total dosage. However, control remained inadequate because the rate required for 75% control (I75) was 157 and 121 g/ha for single and split applications, respectively. Halosulfuron sorption by a pine bark–based rooting substrate, as used in container production, was 96% of the amount applied. The propensity for surface-applied halosulfuron to be leached in this substrate was evaluated by eclipta bioassay. After 2 wk, with 23 cm of cumulative irrigation and rainfall, halosulfuron was detected 12 cm below the substrate surface. The propensity for substrate-adsorbed halosulfuron to return to the water phase may also contribute to PRE activity for eclipta control.

Keywords

Halosulfuroneclipta, Eclipta prostrata L., # ECLALHerbicide sorptionlog-logistic analysisorganic rooting substratesIx, x% growth inhibitionPOST, postemergencePRE, preemergenceWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , June 2006 , pp. 361 - 367
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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