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Practical Changes to Single-Boom Sprayers for Zone Herbicide Application

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

William W. Donald  and
Kelly Nelson
William W. Donald*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, 269 Agricultural Engineering Building, Columbia, MO 65211
Kelly Nelson
Affiliation:
Greenley Research Center, University of Missouri, Novelty, MO 63460
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: DonaldW@missouri.edu
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Abstract

Reduced-rate zone herbicide application (ZHA) consists of banding reduced herbicide rates between crop rows (≤ full broadcast registered rate, 1×) and banding much reduced herbicide rates over crop rows (≪ 1×). The objective of this research was to compare the mechanically complicated dual-boom ZHA sprayer with a much simpler, single-boom ZHA sprayer for controlling giant foxtail and common waterhemp in field corn in 2003 and 2004 in Missouri. The dual-boom ZHA sprayer employed two different herbicide solutions, which were propelled through two booms on separate sprayer systems to apply different herbicide rates over in-row and between-row areas while maintaining similar carrier volumes and coverage through two booms. In contrast, the single-boom ZHA sprayer is a mechanically simpler system in which both herbicide rates and carrier volumes were varied across one boom over in-row (IR) and between-row (BR) areas. In single-boom ZHA, two different nozzle tips were alternated on one boom over in-row and between-row areas, the number of nozzles per boom was doubled, and the distance between nozzles was halved compared with a conventional sprayer boom. In a 2-yr study, these different ZHA sprayers were used to apply preemergence atrazine + S-metolachlor between and over crop rows at various reduced rates (1× = 2,240 + 1,750 g ai/ha, respectively). Among all single- and dual-boom ZHA sprayer treatments and the weed-free checks, corn yields and in-row total weed cover were statistically indistinguishable for both years and for between-row total weed cover in 1 of 2 yr. In both years, a single-boom ZHA system prevented yield loss from competing weeds as effectively as the dual-boom ZHA system. The new single-boom ZHA system is a mechanically simple, inexpensive, generic alternative for reducing herbicide rates and lowering input costs.

Keywords

AtrazineS-metolachlorcommon waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer # AMATAgiant foxtail, Setaria faberii (L.) Beauv. # SETFAcorn, Zea mays L., ‘Pioneer 33G28’ and ‘Pioneer 34M92’Band applicationbandingchloroacetamidereduced ratetriazineweedBR, between-rowIR, in-rowWC, weed coverZHA, zone herbicide application
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , June 2006 , pp. 502 - 510
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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