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Smooth scouringrush (Equisetum laevigatum) control with glyphosate in eastern Washington

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2022

Drew J. Lyon Open the ORCID record for Drew J. Lyon [Opens in a new window]  and
Mark E. Thorne Open the ORCID record for Mark E. Thorne [Opens in a new window]
Drew J. Lyon*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Mark E. Thorne
Affiliation:
Associate in Research, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Drew J. Lyon, Professor, Washington State University, PO Box 646420, Pullman, WA 99164-6420. E-mail: drew.lyon@wsu.edu
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Abstract

Smooth scouringrush has invaded no-till production fields across the US Pacific Northwest. The ability of Equisetum species to take up and accumulate silica on the epidermis and in cell walls may affect herbicide uptake. The objectives of this study were to measure the silica concentration in smooth scouringrush stems over time, and to determine how time of application affects the efficacy of glyphosate for smooth scouringrush control, with and without the addition of an organosilicone surfactant (OSS). Field studies were conducted at three sites in eastern Washington from 2019 to 2021. Three herbicide treatments (no herbicide, glyphosate, and glyphosate + OSS) were applied at four application times (May, June, July, and August) in 2019 fallow. The silica content of smooth scouringrush stems increased over the course of the 2019 growing season at all three sites. In 2020, smooth scouringrush stem densities were reduced when the 2019 herbicide treatments were applied in late June (12% of no herbicide density) compared to late July (24%) or August (30%). Smooth scouringrush stem densities at all three sites, in both 2020 and 2021, were reduced in the glyphosate + OSS treatment compared to glyphosate alone. In 2021, 2 yr after herbicide application, there was no effect of application timing for the glyphosate treatment without OSS, but stem densities were reduced when glyphosate + OSS was applied in late June (1%) compared with applications in late July (26%) or late August (21%). It is not clear if the cause of reduced glyphosate efficacy with late July and late August applications is the result of increased silica content in smooth scouringrush stems over time. Maximum glyphosate efficacy on smooth scouringrush was achieved with an application in late June and with the addition of an OSS. Control of smooth scouringrush with glyphosate + OSS can be sustained for at least 2 yr after application.

Keywords

Glyphosatesmooth scouringrush, Equisetum laevigatum A. Braunwinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Organosilicone surfactantssilica contentherbicide uptakehorsetail species
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 36 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 457 - 461
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Rodrigo Werle, University of Wisconsin

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