Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:32:41.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weed Suppression in Spring-Sown Rye (Secale cereale)–Pea (Pisum sativum) Cover Crop Mixes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Mary C. Akemo ,
Emilie E. Regnier  and
Mark A. Bennett
Mary C. Akemo
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
Emilie E. Regnier*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
Mark A. Bennett
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: regnier.1@osu.edu.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field trials were conducted with spring-sown rye and field pea cover crops to determine the effect of five rye–pea proportions and three seeding rates (high, medium, and low) on weed suppression during cover crop growth. Measurements on weed and cover crop growth were taken approximately 2 mo after seeding when cover crops were killed. Cover crops were killed by mowing in 1996 and by undercutting in 1997 and 1998. Cover crop biomass, averaged over rye–pea proportion, was highest in 1998 at 4.3 million tons (MT)/ha (high seeding rate) and lowest in 1997 at 1.5 MT/ha (low seeding rate). Cover crops of pure rye or rye–pea mixes suppressed weeds more effectively than did pure pea. Dominant weeds were ladysthumb, smooth pigweed, smallflower galinsoga, and common lambsquarters. Ground cover by weeds ranged from a low of 2% (rye–pea mixes) to a maximum of 73% (pure pea). Cover crop mixes of 50% or more rye seeded at the high rate gave the best weed suppression.

Keywords

Ladysthumb, Polygonum persicaria L. #3 POLPEsmooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. # AMACHsmallflower galinsoga, Galinsoga parviflora Cav. # GASPAcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALfield pea, Pisum sativum L.rye, Secale cereale L. ‘Wheeler’Allelopathymixed croppingundercuttingAMACHCHEALGASPAPOLPEDASdays after seeding
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , September 2000 , pp. 545 - 549
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Akemo, M. C. 1998. An exploration of cover crops for vegetable production systems in tropical situations. Ph.D. dissertation. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. 143 p.Google Scholar
Akemo, M. C., Bennett, M. A., and Regnier, E. E. 2000. Tomato growth in spring-sown cover crops. HortScience In press.Google Scholar
Ateh, C. M. and Doll, J. D. 1996. Spring-planted winter rye (Secale cereale) as a living mulch to control weeds in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 10: 347–353.Google Scholar
Barnes, J. P. and Putnam, A. R. 1983. Rye residues contribute weed suppression in no-tillage cropping systems. J. Chem. Ecol. 9: 1045–1057.Google Scholar
Barnes, J. P., Putnam, A. R., Burke, B. A., and Aasen, A. J. 1987. Isolation and characterization of allelochemicals in rye herbage. Phytochemistry 26: 1385–1390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bordelon, B. P. and Weller, S. C. 1997. Preplant cover crops affect weed and vine growth in first year vineyards. HortScience 32: 1040–1043.Google Scholar
Bremer, E., Rennie, R. J., and Rennie, D. A. 1988. Dinitrogen fixation of lentil, field pea and faba bean under dryland conditions. Can. J. Soil Sci. 68: 553–562.Google Scholar
Clark, A. J., Decker, A. M., and Meisinger, J. J. 1994. Seeding rate and kill date effects on hairy vetch-cereal rye cover crop mixtures for corn production. Agron. J. 86: 1065–1070.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creamer, N. G. and Bennett, M. A. 1997. Evaluation of cover crop mixtures for use in vegetable production systems. HortScience 32: 866–870.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creamer, N. G., Plassman, B., Bennett, M. A., Wood, R. K., Stinner, B. R., and Cardina, J. 1995. A method for mechanically killing cover crops to optimize weed suppression. Am. J. Altern. Agric. 10: 156–161.Google Scholar
Creamer, N. G., Bennett, M. A., Stinner, B. R., Cardina, J., and Regnier, E. E. 1996. Mechanisms of weed suppression in cover crop-based production systems. HortScience 31: 410–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, J. and Herridge, D. F. 1987. Nitrogen inputs and utilisation in crop legumes. In Bacon, P. E., Evans, J., Storrier, R. R., and Taylor, A. C., eds. Nitrogen Cycling in Temperate Agricultural Systems. Volume 1. Wagga Wagga, NSW: Australian Soil Science Society. pp. 14–50.Google Scholar
Galloway, B. A. and Weston, L. A. 1996. Influence of cover crop and herbicide treatment on weed control and yield in no-till sweet corn (Zea mays L.) and pumpkin (Curcubita maxima Duch.). Weed Technol. 10: 341–346.Google Scholar
Hoffman, M. L., Weston, L. A., Snyder, J. C., and Regnier, E. E. 1996. Allelopathic influence of germinating seeds and seedlings of cover crops on weed species. Weed Sci. 44: 579–584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masiunas, J. B., Weston, L. A., and Weller, S. C. 1995. The impact of rye cover crops on weed populations in a tomato cropping system. Weed Sci. 43: 318–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, W. A., Kahn, B. A., amd Roberts, B. W. 1991. Screening cover crops for use in conservation tillage following spring plowing. HortScience 26: 860–862.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, A. R. and DeFrank, J. 1983. Use of phytotoxic plant residues for selective weed control. Crop Prot. 2: 173–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowland, I. C., Mason, M. G., Pritchard, I. A., and French, R. J. 1994. Effect of field peas and wheat on the yield and protein content of subsequent wheat crops grown at several rates of applied nitrogen. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 34: 641–646.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schenk, S. U. and Werner, D. 1991. β-(3-isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-alanine from Pisum: allelopathic properties and antimycotic bioassay. Phytochemistry 30: 467–470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. 1993. Interaction of light, soil moisture, and temperature with weed suppression by hairy vetch residue. Weed Sci. 41: 46–51.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Daughtry, C.S.T. 1993. Weed suppression by live and desiccated hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). Weed Sci. 41: 207–212.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C. L. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J. 85: 673–680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, E. D. and Bellinder, R. R. 1996. Mow-kill regulation of winter cereals for spring no-till crop production. Weed Technol. 10: 247–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar