Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T22:07:44.465Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Analysis of electromagnetic signature of Arabic alphabet as RF elementary coding particles

Part of: Chipless RFID

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2015

Oussama Boularess ,
Hatem Rmili ,
Taoufik Aguili  and
Smail Tedjini
Oussama Boularess
Affiliation:
Sys'Com, ENIT, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia. Phone: +966564063863
Hatem Rmili*
Affiliation:
Sys'Com, ENIT, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia. Phone: +966564063863 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Taoufik Aguili
Affiliation:
Sys'Com, ENIT, University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia. Phone: +966564063863
Smail Tedjini
Affiliation:
Universty Grenoble-Alpes, LCIS, Valence 26902, France
*
Corresponding author: H. Rmili Email: hmrmili@kau.edu.sa
Get access

Abstract

This paper discusses the electromagnetic (EM) signature of Arabic alphabets that can be considered as standards particles to form chipless tags. Normalized Arial font is suited as example but the method can be applied for any other font. The letters are realized by metallic strips or better, by conductive ink. All the 28 letters have been simulated and their EM signatures for both field polarizations are extracted. It is demonstrated that combining vertical and horizontal responses allow the identification of letters without ambiguity. Moreover, the case of letter with punctuation (one to three points) is considered in more details. Indeed, we propose to modify very slightly these letters by connecting the points to the body of the letters. This connection is made by a unique straight and very thin strip. Under this modification these letters exhibit more exploitable signatures. Finally, a lookup table for identification of the 28 letters is carried out.

Keywords

ChiplessRFID
Type
Chipless RFID
Information
Wireless Power Transfer , Volume 2 , Special Issue 2: Chipless Technologies , September 2015 , pp. 97 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1] Dobkin, D.M.: The RF in RFID, passive UHF RFID in practice. Newnes, 2008.Google Scholar
[2]Internet of Things in Proc. of the 20th Tyrrhenian Int. Workshop on Digital Communications, 2–4 September 2009, Sardina, Italy.Google Scholar
[3] Tedjini, S.; Karmakar, N.: Chipless RFID, an emerging technology annals of telecommunications-annales des télécommunications, 68 (7–8) (2013), 359–359.Google Scholar
[4] Manzari, S.; Marrocco, G.: Modeling and applications of a chemical-loaded UHF RFID sensing antenna with tuning capability. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 62 (1) (2014), 94–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5] Marroncelli, M.; Trinchero, D.; Lakafosis, V.; Tentzeris, M.: Concealable, low-cost paper-printed antennas for WISP-based RFIDs RFID (RFID), in 2011 IEEE Int. Conf. on RFID 2011, 6–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6] Singh, T.; Vena, A.; Perret, E.; Tedjini, S.: A frequency signature based method for the RF identification of letters, in 5th IEEE RFID Conf., 2011, Florida (USA), 12–14 April 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7] Keskilammi, M.; Kivikoski, M.: Using text as a Meander line for RFID transponder antennas. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., 3 (2004), 372–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[8] Amin, E.M.; Bhuiyan, M.S.; Karmakar, N.C.; Winther-Jensen, B.: Development of a low cost printable chipless RFID humidity sensor. IEEE Sens. J., 14 (1) (2014), 140–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[9] Rubayet-E-Azim, A.; Karmakar, N.C.: Chipless RFID tag localization. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 61 (11) (2013), 4008–4017.Google Scholar
[10] Vena, A.; Singh, T.; Tedjini, S.; Perret, E.: Metallic letter identification based on radar approach, in General Assembly and Scientific Symp., 2011 URSI, 2011, 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11] Ramos, A.; Girbau, D.; Lazaro, A.; Rima, S.: IR-UWB radar system and tag design for time-coded chipless RFID, in 6th Eur. Antennas and Propagation Conf., 2012, 2491–2494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[12] Preradovic, S.; Balbin, I.; Karmakar, N.C.; Swiegers, G.F.: Multiresonator-based chipless RFID system for low-cost item tracking. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 57 (5) (2009), 1411–1419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13] Balbin, I.; Karmakar, N.C.: Phase-encoded chipless RFID transponder for large-scale low-cost applications. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 19 (8) (2009), 509–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14] Das, R.: Chip-less RFID—the end game, IDTechEx, Cambridge, MA, USA (2006, Nov. 9, 2012). Available on: http://www.idtechex.com/products/en/articles/00000435.asp Google Scholar
[15] Preradovic, S.; Karmakar, N.C.: Design of fully printable planar chipless RFID transponder with 35-bit data capacity, in Eur. Microwave Conf., 2009, 013–016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16] Islam, M.A.; Karmakar, N.C.: A novel compact printable dual polarized chipless RFID system, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 60 (7) (2012), 2142–2151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17] Preradovic, S.; Roy, S.M.; Karmakar, N.C.: RFID system based on fully printable chipless tag for paper-/plastic-item tagging. IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., 53 (5) (2011), 15–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[18] Tedjini, S.; Karmakar, N.C.; Perret, E.; Vena, A.; Koswatta, R.; Azim, R.E.: Hold the chip. IEEE Microw. Mag. (2013), 56–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19] Tedjini, S.; Perret, E.; Vena, A.; Kaddour, D.: Mastering the Electromagnetic Signature of Chipless RFId System, Book Chapter in Chipless and conventional RFID: systems for ubiquitous tagging, ISBN 13: 9781466616165, 2013. http://www.igi-global.com/book/chipless-conventional-radio-frequency-identification/61620 Google Scholar