Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T00:32:38.814Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Harmonic distortion considerations for an integrated WPT-PLC system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2020

Abdelmajid Sarraj Open the ORCID record for Abdelmajid Sarraj [Opens in a new window] ,
Wael Dghais ,
S. Barmada Open the ORCID record for S. Barmada [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Tucci  and
M. Raugi
Abdelmajid Sarraj
Affiliation:
University of Tunis, National Higher Engineering School of Tunis, LISIER, Tunis, Tunisia
Wael Dghais
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics, Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
S. Barmada*
Affiliation:
Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
M. Tucci
Affiliation:
Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
M. Raugi
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics, Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
*
Author for correspondence: S. Barmada, Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTEC), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. E-mail: sami.barmada@unipi.it
Get access

Abstract

This paper presents design considerations for an integrated wireless power transfer (WPT) and power line communication (PLC) system (e.g. WPT-PLC). The main goal is to enable wireless charging of mobile electronic products, along with high data rate communication over the shared wireless inductive resonant channel. Starting from a couple of resonant coils, characterized by the S-parameters matrix, the design of an impedance matching network and decoupling filters is carried out to better decouple power and data signals. A pulse-driven class-E power amplifier (PA) and a rectifier are first conceived based on the measured S-parameters and load-pull characterizations. Second, a sine-driven class-E power link, operating at 6.78 MHz, is proposed to reduce the total harmonic distortion of the integrated WPT-PLC system. These design steps aim to ensure high-power efficiency and low harmonic distortion of the class-E PA in order to mildly affect the channel capacity of the PLC. The harmonic interferences of the pulse-driven and sine-driven class-E power links are compared and discussed, together with the electromagnetic compatibility levels, the channel capacity, and the noise disturbances of the PLC channel in order to guarantee an optimized power and data transfer in the integrated WPT-PLC system.

Keywords

Class-E power linkdata communicationelectromagnetic compatibilityharmonic distortionsmobile consumer electronic device
Type
Research Article
Information
Wireless Power Transfer , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , March 2020 , pp. 33 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Huang, X, Qiang, H, Huang, Z, Sun, Y and Li, J (2013) The Interaction Research of Smart Grid and EV Based Wireless Charging. IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Beijing, China, pp. 1–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoang, H, Lee, S, Kim, Y, Choi, Y and Bien, F (2012) An adaptive technique to improve wireless power transfer for consumer electronics. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 58(2), 327–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J, Son, H-C, Kim, D-H and Park, Y-J (2012) Optimal design of a wireless power transfer system with multiple self-resonators for an LED TV. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 58(3), 775–780.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hwang, H, Moon, J, Lee, B, Jeong, CH and Kim, SW (2014) An analysis of magnetic resonance coupling effects on wireless power transfer by coil inductance and placement. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 60(2), 203–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen, VT, Kang, SH, Choi, JH and Jung, CW (2015) Magnetic resonance wireless power transfer using three-coil system with single planar receiver for laptop applications. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 61(2), 160–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, C, Huo, Y, Leung, VCM and Yang, LT (2016) Sensor-Cloud and Power Line Communication: Recent Developments and Integration. Proceedings of 14th IEEE Int'l. Conf. Dependable Autonomic Secure Computing, Auckland, Australia, pp. 302–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Y, Bae, JN and Kim, JY (2011) Performance of power line communication systems with noise reduction scheme for smart grid applications. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 57(1), 46–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Son, Y, Pulkkinen, T, Moon, K and Kim, C (2010) Home energy management system based on power line communication. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 56(3), 1380–1386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joo, IY and Choi, DH (2017) Optimal household appliance scheduling considering consumer's electricity bill target. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 1(63), 19–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinomaa, A, Ahola, J, Kosonen, A and Nuutinen, P (2015) HomePlug green PHY for the LVDC PLC Concept: Applicability study. Proceedings of IEEE Int. Symp. Power Line Commun. Appl. (ISPLC), Austin, USA, pp. 205–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barmada, S, Dionigi, M, Tucci, M and Mezzanotte, P (2017) Design and experimental characterization of a combined WPT-PLC system. Wireless Power Transfer 4(2), 160–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barmada, S, Tucci, M, Raugi, M, Dionigi, M and Mezzanotte, P (2016) Experimental validation of a hybrid Wireless Power Transfer-Power Line Communication System. Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Power Line Commun. Appl. (ISPLC), Bottrop, Germany, pp. 37–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barmada, S and Tucci, M (2015) Optimization of a Magnetically Coupled Resonators System for Power Line Communication Integration. Proc. IEEE Wireless Power Transf. Conf. (WPTC), Boulder, USA, pp. 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barmada, S, Raugi, M and Tucci, M (2017) A multi-objective optimization algorithm based on self-organizing maps applied to wireless power transfer systems. International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields 30(3–4), 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barmada, S, Dghais, W, Fontana, N, Raugi, M and Tucci, M (2019) Design and realization of a multiple access wireless power transfer system for optimal power line communication data transfer. Energies 12(988), 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokal, NO and Sokal, AD (1975) Class E – A New class of high-efficiency tuned single-ended switching power amplifiers. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 10(3), 168–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raab, FH (1977) Idealized operation of the class-Ε tuned power amplifier. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 24(12), 725–735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casanova, JJ, Low, ZN and Lin, J (2009) Design and optimization of a class-E amplifier for a loosely coupled planar wireless power system. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 56(11), 830–834.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, K, Evans, PL and Johnson, CM (2018) Characterisation and modeling of gallium nitride power semiconductor devices dynamic On-state resistance. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 33(6), 5262–5273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, M, Fu, M and Ma, C (2016) Parameter design for a 6.78-MHz wireless power transfer system based on analytical derivation of class E current driven rectifier. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 31(6), 4280–4291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, W, Chinga, R, Yoshida, S, Lin, J and Chen, WL (2012) A 25.6 W 13.56 MHz Wireless Power Transfer System with a 94% Efficiency GaN Class-E Power Amplifier. Proc. IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT), Montreal, Canada, pp. 1–3.Google Scholar
Choi, J, Tsukiyama, D, Tsuruda, Y and Rivas, J (2015) 13.56 MHz 1.3 kW Resonant Converter with GaN FET for Wireless Power Transfer. Proc. 2015 IEEE Wireless Power Transf. Conf. (WPTC), Boulder, USA, pp. 1–4.Google Scholar
Liu, S and Ma, C (2018) Low-Harmonic-Distortion and High-Efficiency class E2 DC-DC Converter for 6.78 MHz WPT. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), Hamilton, New Zealand.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, JF and Rutledge, DB (1998) A Low-Cost Class-E Power Amplifier with Sine-Wave Drive. Proc. IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT), 2, Baltimore, USA, pp. 1113–1116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buta, G, Coca, E and Graur, A (2009) Performance Evaluations and Electromagnetic Compatibility Aspects for Power Line Carrier Communication Equipments. Proc. 15th International Symposium for Design and Technology of Electronics Packages (SIITME), Gyula, Hungary, pp. 93–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fontana, N, Monorchio, A, Munoz Torrico, MO and Hao, Y (2012) A Numerical Assessment of the Effect of MRI Surface Coils on Implanted Pacemakers. Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, Chicago, USA, pp. 1–2.Google Scholar
CISPR 22/IEC. Information technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and methods of measurements, Third Edition, pp. 11–97.Google Scholar
Liu, S, Liu, M, Han, S, Zhu, X and Ma, C (2018) Tunable class E2 DC–DC converter with high efficiency and stable output power for 6.78-MHz wireless power transfer. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 8(33), 6877–6886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dghais, W, Cunha, TR and Pedro, JC (2012) A Mixed-Domain Behavioral Model's Extraction for Digital I/O Buffers. Proc. IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, Tempe, Finland, pp. 224–227.Google Scholar
Sokal, NO (2001) Class-E RF Power Amplifiers. QEX Commun. Quart., no. 204, pp. 9–20.Google Scholar
Wan, B and Wang, X (2014) Overview of Commercially-Available Analog/RF Simulation Engines and Design Environment, Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT), pp. 1–4.Google Scholar
Efficient power conversion (EPC). EPC2007C – Enhancement Mode Power Transistor. Available at http://epc-co.com/epc/Products/eGaNFETsandICs/EPC2007C.aspx.Google Scholar
High Voltage Power Schottky Rectifier. HW Model, CAD Libraries & SVD. Available at http://www.st.com/resource/en/hw_model/st_power_schottky_diodes_pspice_models_v6.zip.Google Scholar
Liu, M, Yang, S, Ma, C and Zhu, X (2017) A novel design methodology for high-efficiency current-mode and voltage-mode class-E power amplifiers in wireless power transfer systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 32(6), 4514–4523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Report ITU-R SM.2303-1 (2015) Wireless Power Transmission Using Technologies other than Radio Frequency Beam, International communication union, June 2015.Google Scholar
Coulson, AJ (2004) Narrowband interference in pilot symbol assisted OFDM systems. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 3(6), 2277–2287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, S, Yang, F, Ding, W, Song, J and Tonello, AM (2017) Structured compressed sensing based narrowband interference elimination for in-home power line communications. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 63(1), 10–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryu, HG (2008) System design and analysis of MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM system against the nonlinear distortion and narrowband interference. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 54(2), 368–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar