Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:37:55.390Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Recent developments in the chemotherapy of parasitic infections of poultry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

H. Salisch
H. Salisch
Affiliation:
Clinic of Poultry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-3000 Hannover 1, Federal Republic of, Germany
Get access

Abstract

Pyrethroids (permethrin, cypermethrin, flumethrin, deltamethrin)are very effective against Dermanyssid mites (northern fowl mites, red mites). Permethrin sprays are also effective against lice, fleas and other pests like the lesser mealworm and flies. In some experiments, however, medication with established drugs has given more favourable results. In birds, avermectins (abarmectin and ivermectin)have shown a similar broad spectrum of activity as in mammals. Nematode infections in poultry can be controlled by both drugs, but their use in intensive production is unlikely. However, ivermectin was efficacious against mange mites and respiratory mites in budgerigars and canaries and is likely to be used in the therapy of pet birds. Maduramicin is a new ionophorous anticoccidial for use in broiler chickens. Satisfactory control has been observed against isolates of Eimeria tolerant (partly resistant)to other ionophorous antibiotics. Toltrazuril, a non-ionophorous anticoccidial, has been used for therapy of clinical coccidiosis in a variety of bird species and for the prophylaxis of coccidiosis in broilers. It may be given in the drinking water as a n intermittent treatment. Diclazuril, an anticoccidial for use in broiler diets, is currently under investigation. Observations have shown control of Eimeria isolates tolerant to ionophorous drugs and efficacy against all major Eimeria spp. in the chicken. The new generation of insecticides, acaricides, nematocides and anticoccidials is a welcome addition to current control programmes.

Keywords

Chemotherapycoccidiosisfleasnematodesmedicationmitesliceparasites
Type
Research Article
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , July 1989 , pp. 115 - 124
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arends, J.J. and Robertson, S.H. (1986) Integrated pest management for poultry production: Implementation through integrated poultry companies. Poultry Science 65: 675–682CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ariki, J., Berchieri, A. Jr., Kronka, S.N., Neto, A., Paulillo, A.C., Costa, A.J. and Rocha, U.F. (1985) Influence of application of carbaryl or permethrin on the productivity of layers infested with Menopon gallinae. Ars Veterinaria 1: 27–33Google Scholar
Arthur, F.H. and Axtell, R.C. (1982) Comparisons of permethrin formulations and application methods for northern fowl mite control on caged laying hens. Poultry Science 61: 879–884Google Scholar
Arthur, F.H. and Axtell, R.C. (1983) Susceptibility of northern fowl mites in North Carolina to five acaricides. Poultry Science 62: 428–432Google Scholar
Boch, J. and Supperer, R. (1983) Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie 3rd Edn, Parey, Berlin, FRG, pp. 478–479Google Scholar
Bowen, J.M. (1981) The avermectin complex — a new horizon in anthelmintic therapy. Veterinary Medicine/Small Animal Clinician 576: 165–166Google Scholar
Braun, H.E., Surgeoner, G.A., Stanek, J. and Ralley, W.E. (1981) Efficacy and dissipation of permethrin for the control of the northern fowl mite in hens. Canadian Veterinary Journal 22: 291–294Google Scholar
Braunius, W.W. (1985) Ionophorous anticoccidial drugs in coccidiosis control. World's Poultry Science Journal 41: 198–209Google Scholar
Burg, R.W., Miller, B.M., Baker, E.E., Birnbaum, J., Currie, S.A., Hartman, R., Kong, Y.L. et al. , (1979) Avermectins, new family of potent anthelminthic agents: producing organisms and fermentation. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 15: 361–367Google Scholar
Campbell, W.C., Fisher, M.H., Stapley, E.O., Albers-Schonberg, G. and Jacob, T.A. (1983) Ivermectin: a potent new antiparasitic agent. Science 221: 823–828CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, W.C. (1986) Historical introduction. In: Chemotherapy of Parasitic Diseases (Eds Campbell, W.C. and Rew, R.S.) Plenum Press, New York, USA, pp. 3–21Google Scholar
Casalone, P. and Verme, Dal F. (1983) Acaro rosso senza sperenza. Scienza Veterinaria Biologica Animale 2: 3–10Google Scholar
Chapman, H.D. (1984) Drug resistance in avian coccidia (a review). Veterinary Parasitology 15: 11–27Google Scholar
Chapman, H.D. (1986) Drug resistance in coccidia: recent research. In: Research in Avian Coccidiosis (Eds McDougald, L.R., Joyner, L.P. and Long, P.L.) University of Georgia, Athens, USA, pp. 330–347Google Scholar
De Vaney, J.A. (1985) Progress on control of northern fowl mites on caged laying hens. Veterinary Parasitology 18: 289–295Google Scholar
De Vaney, J.A. (1986) Ectoparasites. Poultry Science 65: 649–656CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vaney, J.A. and Ivie, G.W. (1984) Evaluation of MK-933 and avermectin B1a for control of northern fowl mites. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 9: 433–434Google Scholar
De Vaney, J.A. and Kubena, L.F. (1982) Evaluation of diflubenzuron as a feed additive for control of northern fowl mites. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 7: 247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edgar, S.A., Fitz-Coy, S.H. and Wang, T.G. (1985a) Efficacy of four ionophores against mixed coccidial infections in broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 74th Annual Meeting of the Poultry Science Association, Ames, Iowa, USA, 29 July–2 August 1985. Poultry Science 64: supplement 2: 93Google Scholar
Edgar, S.A., Fitz-Coy, S.H. and Wang, G.T. (1985b) Efficacy of Cygro (maduramicin) and Bio-Cox (salinomycin) for the control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 74th Annual Meeting of the Poultry Science Association, Ames, Iowa, USA, 29 July–2 August 1985. Poultry Science 64, supplement 1: 94Google Scholar
Egerton, J.R., Ostlind, D.A., Blair, L.S., Eary, C.H., Suhayda, D., Ciefelli, S., et al. , (1979) Avermectins, new family of potent anthelminthic agents: efficacy of the B1a component. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 15: 372–378CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliott, M., Janes, N.F. and Potter, C. (1978) The future of pyrethroids in insect control. Annual Review of Entomology 23: 443–469Google Scholar
Genchi, C., Huber, H. and Traldi, G. (1984) Efficacy of flumethrin (Bayticol, Bayer) in the control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae, De Geer 1778. Archivio Veterinario Italiano 35: 125–128Google Scholar
Greuel, E. (1986) Zue Bekämpfung der Kokzidiose mit Baycox. Deutsche Geflügelwirtschaft und Schweineproduktion 38: 595–597Google Scholar
Greuel, E. and Mundt, H.-C. (1984) Efficacy of Bay Vi 9142 (sym. triazinone) against experimental infections with different Eimeria species in broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 17th World Poultry CongressHelsinki, Finland8–12 August 1984, pp. 774–775Google Scholar
Greuel, E. and Ruhrmann, U. (1986) Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit unterschiedlich hoher und zeitlich variierter Meditkation von Baycox bei experimenteller Hühnerkokzidiose unter Käfigbedingungen. Deutsche tierärztliche Wochenschrift 93: 29–33Google Scholar
Grimm, F. and Centurier, C. (1985) Cytodites nudus — eine Luftsackmilbe beim Goldfasan (Chrysolophus pictus). DVG Tagung über Vogelkrankheiten, 3–4 März, 1985, München, FRG, 184–190Google Scholar
Haberkorn, A. (1986) Intermittent therapy: An alternative to permanent administration of anticoccidials. In: Research in Avian Coccidiosis, (Eds McDougald, L.R., Joyner, L.P. and Long, P.L.) University of Georgia, Athens, USA, pp 302–307Google Scholar
Haberkorn, A. and Stoltefuss, J. (1984) Investigations of a new anticoccidial drug (Bay Vi 9142). Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie und Hygiene A 258: 426Google Scholar
Hall, R.D., Vandepopuliere, J.M., Fischer, F.J., Lyons, J.J. and Doisy, K.E. (1983) Comparative efficacy of plastic strips impregnated with permethrin and permethrin dust for northern fowl mite control on caged laying hens. Poultry Science 62: 612–615CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, R.D., Vandepopuliere, J.M., Jaynes, W. and Fischer, F.J. (1984a) Prophylactic efficiency and longevity of polyvinyl chloride strips containing permethrin for control of northern fowl mites (Acari: Macronyssidae) on caged chickens. Journal of Economic Entomology 77: 1224–1228CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, R.D., Vandepopuliere, J.M., Fischer, F.J., Lyons, J.J. and Van Dorn, J.D. (1984b) A new in-cage treatment system for control of northern fowl mites on laying hens. Poultry Science 63: 628–632CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heimbucher, J. and Kutzer, E. (1978) Getreideschimmelkäfer (Alphitobius diaperinus Panz.) in Hühnerbetrieben: Vorkommen und Bekämpfung. Weiner tierärtliche Monatsschrift 66: 334–337Google Scholar
Jeffers, T.K. (1984) Correlated responses of coccidia to polyether ionophorous antibiotics. Proceedings of the 17th World Poultry Science Congress8–12 August 1984Helsinki, Finland, pp. 589–590Google Scholar
Jeffers, T.K. (1987) Coccidiosis control in the year 2000. Poultry Digest 46: 28–38Google Scholar
Johnson, C.A., Kennedy, T.K. and Moeller, M.W. (1986) Immunization of chickens against coccidiosis by termination of infections with Bay V1 9142. In. Research in Avian Coccidiosis (Eds McDougald, L.R., Joyner, L.P. and Long, P.L.) University of Georgia, Athens, USA, pp. 253–262Google Scholar
Kantor, S. (1986) Maduramicin ammonium: anticoccidial efficacy and safety in battery and floor pen studies. In: Research in Avian Coccidiosis (Eds McDougald, L.R., Joyner, L.P. and Long, P.L.) University of Georgia, Athens, USA, pp. 271–278Google Scholar
Kantor, S. and Schenkel, R.H. (1984) CL 259,971: a potent new polyether anticoccidial. 1. Battery efficacy and safety. Poultry Science 63: 1497–1505Google Scholar
Kantor, S., Schenkel, R.H. and Kennett, R.J. Jr. (1984) CL 259,971: a potent new polyether anticoccidial. 2. Floor-pen trials. Poultry Science 63: 1506–1511Google Scholar
Kummerfeld, N. and Schäfer-Nolte, C. (1987) Behandlung eines Milbenbefalls bei Wellensittichen und Finken mit Ivermectin im Spot-on-Verfahren. Kleintierpraxis 32: 293–296Google Scholar
Kutzer, E., Freiler, I., Leibetseder, J. and Mitterlehner, A. (1985) Untersuchungen über die Wirkung eines neuen Antikokzidiums (Bay Vi 9142) bei Broilern. 2. Mitteilung. Wiener tierärztliche Monatsschrift 72: 330–334Google Scholar
Kutzer, E. and Leibetseder, J. (1985) Untersuchungen über die Wirkung eines neuen Antikokzidiums (Bay Vi 9142) bei Broilern. 1. Mitteilung. Weiner tierärztliche Monatsschrift 72: 321–330Google Scholar
Kutzer, E., Löwenstein, M. and Mitterlehner, A. (1988) Diclazuril – ein neues Antikokzidium bei Broilern. Wiener berärztliche Monatsschrift 75: 415–419Google Scholar
Long, P.L. (1987) Coccidiosis in poultry. CRC Critical Reviews in Poultry Biology 1: 25–50Google Scholar
Long, P.L. and Jeffers, T.K. (1986) Control of chicken coccidiosis. Parasitology Today 2: 236–240CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loomis, E.C. (1984) External parasites. In: Diseases of Poultry (Ed Hofstad, M.S.) 8th Edn, Iowa State University Press, USA pp. 586–613Google Scholar
Lüders, H., Behr, K.-P., Depta, G. and Siegmann, O. (1988) Experimentelle und klinische Erfahrungen mit Toltrazuril (Baycox). Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft, Fachgruppe Geflügel, Tangungsbericht, Wien, 18–20 July 1988,39Google Scholar
Lund, A.E. and Narahashi, T. (1983) Kinetics of sodium channel modification as the base for the variation in the nerve membrane effects of pyrethroids and DDT analogs. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 20: 203–216CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDougald, L.R., Wang, G.T., Kantor, S., Schenkel, R.H. and Quarles, C. (1987) Efficacy of maduramicin against ionophore-tolerant field isolates of coccidia in broilers. Avian Diseases 31: 302–308CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manuel, M.F. and Macatangay, V.C. (1981) Efficacy trials of some insecticidal preparations against common lice and mites affecting domestic chickens in the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine 20: 58–70Google Scholar
Mehlhorn, H., Ortmann-Falkenstein, G. and Haberkorn, A. (1984) The effects of sym. triazinones on developmental stages of Eimeria tenella, E. maxima and E. acervulina: a light and electron microscopical study. Parasitology Research 70: 173–182Google Scholar
Miles-Jones, E. and Kissam, J.B. (1983) The effectiveness of polyvinyl chloride plastic bands impregnated with permethrin as a control for the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), infesting caged laying chickens. Poultry Science 62: 1113–1116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mousa, S., Gad, N., Sokkar, I. and Raheem, Abdel M. (1986a) Investigations on the efficacy of ivermectin for ectoparasites and nematodes in chickens. I. Testing for drug safety to chickens. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 17 (33): 223, 225–229Google Scholar
Mousa, S., Gad, N., Sokkar, I. and Raheem, Abdel M. (1986b) Investigations on the efficacy of ivermectin against ectoparasites and nematodes in chickens. II. Antihelmintic efficacy of ivermectin for experimental ascaridiassis in chickens. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 17 (33): 231–234Google Scholar
Narahashi, T. (1986) Mechanisms of action of pyrethroids on sodium and calcium channel gating. In: Neuropharmacology and Pesticide Action (Eds Ford, M.G., Lunt, G.G., Reay, R.C. and Usherwood, P.N.R.) Ellis Horwood, Chichester, UK, pp. 36–60Google Scholar
Oba, M.S.P., Porto, Dell A. and Benedito, V.A. (1982) Test of the acaricidal action of permethrin on Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778), under field conditions. Revista da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (1982, recd. 1985) 19: 35–37Google Scholar
Okaeme, A.N. (1988) Ivermectin in the control of helminthiasis in guinea fowl Numida meleagris galeata Pallas. Veterinary Quarterly (Nigeria) 10: 70–71Google Scholar
Putter, I., MacConnell, J.G., Prieser, F.A., Haidri, A.A., Ristich, S.S. and Dybas, R.A. (1981) Avermectins: novel insecticides, acaricides and nematicides from a soil microorganism. Experientia 37: 963–964Google Scholar
Remus, B., Vogel, K., Bauschke, K. and Bahr, I. (1983) Zur Bedeutung und Bekämpfung des Getreideschimmelkäfers (Alphitobius diaperinus) in industriemäβigen Broilermastanlagen. Monatshefte für Veterinärmedizin 38: 358Google Scholar
Rommel, M. (1986) Control of non-vector-borne Protozoa. In: Parasitology – Quo Vadit? (Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of Parasitology) (Ed Howell, M.J.) Aust. Acad. Sci., Canberra, Australia, pp. 639–647Google Scholar
Rommel, M. (1987) Prophylaxe and Therapie der Kokzidiose des Geflügels. Berliner und Münchener tierärztliche Wochenschrift 100: 270–272Google Scholar
Ruff, M.D. (1984) Nematodes and acantocephalans. In: Diseases of Poultry (Ed Hofstad, M.S.) 8th Edn, Iowa State University Press, USA, pp. 614–648Google Scholar
Saleh, M.A., Ibrahim, N.A., Soliman, N.Z. and El Sheimy, M.K. (1986) Persistence and distribution of cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and fenvalerate in laying chickens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 34: 895–898Google Scholar
Salisch, H. (1987) Wirksamkeit des Antikokzidiums Maduramicin-Ammonium unter Versuchs-und Feldbedingungen. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 51: 190–196Google Scholar
Salisch, H., Lüders, H., Siegmann, O. and Behr, K.-p. (1989) Wirksamkeit des Antikokzidiums Diclazuril gegen Eimeria tenella und E. acervulina in einem Bodenhaltungsversuch. Archiv für Geflügelkunde (in press)Google Scholar
Salisch, H. and Shakshouk, A.G.R. (1989) Wirksamkeit von Diclazuril und vier ionophoren Antikokzidia gegen Eimeria tenella und E. acervulina. Archiv für Geflügelkunde (in press)Google Scholar
Schepkens, E., Duchatel, J.P. and Vindevogel, H. (1985) Traitement de l'ascaridiose et de la capillariose du pigeon par I'Ivermectine. Annales de Médicine Vétérinaire 129: 475–485Google Scholar
Scott, J.G. (1988) Pyrethroid insecticides. ISI Atlas of Science: Pharmacology 2: 125–128Google Scholar
Soulsby, E.J.L. (1982) Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th Edn, Bailliere Tindall, London, p. 404Google Scholar
Titchener, R.N. (1983) The use of permethrin to control an outbreak of hen fleas. Poultry Science 62: 608–611CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vanparijs, P., Desplenter, L. and Braem, G. (1987) Diclazuril (Pinn), a new anticoccidial for broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 12th Conference on New Approaches WAAVPMontreal, Canada12–15 August 1987, 20 A–1Google Scholar
Vaughan, J.A. and Turner, E.C. (1984) Residual and topical toxicity of various insecticides to the lesser mealworm (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 77: 216–220Google Scholar
Wright, D.J. (1986) Biological activity and mode of action of avermectins. In: Neuropharmacology and Pesticide Action (Eds Ford, M., GLunt, G.C., Reay, R.C. and Usherwood, P.N.R.) Ellis Horwood, Chichester, UK, pp. 174–202Google Scholar
Zeman, P. (1987) Systematic efficacy of ivermectin against Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) in fowls. Veterinary Parasitology 23: 141–146Google Scholar
Zeman, P. and Zelezny, J. (1985) The susceptibility of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) to some acaricides under laboratory conditions. Experimental and Applied Acarology 1: 17–22Google Scholar