Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T17:27:04.875Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Shackling of poultry: is it a welfare problem?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

J.M. Sparrey
Affiliation:
Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe MK45 4HS, UK
P.J. Kettlewell
Affiliation:
Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe MK45 4HS, UK
Get access

Abstract

The slaughter of poultry differs from the slaughter of all other meat-producing animals in that the live birds are hung upside down in shackles prior to slaughter. There is concern from animal welfare organizations such as the United Kingdom Farm Animal Welfare Council that this practice, although necessary for present methods of humane slaughter, causes possible distress and pain to the birds. This paper reviews the regulations on the provision for the welfare of poultry at slaughter as it affects shackling, the equipment involved in shackling, and the physiological and psychological effect of shackling on birds.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Breward, J. (1985) An electrophysiological investigation of the effects of beak trimming in the domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus). PhD thesis, University of EdinburghGoogle Scholar
EC (1994) Council Directive (93/119/EC) on the Protection of Animals at the Time of Slaughter or Killing. Official Journal of the European CouncilGoogle Scholar
Gentle, M.J. (1989) Cutaneous sensory afferents recorded from the nervous intramandibularis of Gallus gallus var domesticus. Journal of Comparative Physiology A164: 763774CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gentle, M.J. (1992) Pain in birds. Animal Welfare 1: 235247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gentle, M.J. and Hunter, L.N. (1990) Physiological and behavioural responses associated with feather removal in Gallus gallus var domesticus. Research in Veterinary Science 50: 95101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregory, N.G. and Bell, J.C. (1987) Duration of wing flapping in chickens shackled before slaughter. Veterinary Record 121: 567569Google ScholarPubMed
Gregory, N.G. and Wilkins, L.J. (1989) Broken bones in domestic fowl: handling and processing damage in end-of-lay hens. British Poultry Science 30: 555562CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregory, N.G. and Wilkins, L.J. (1990) Broken bones in chickens: effects of stunning and processing in broilers. British Poultry Science 31: 5358CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregory, N.G., Austin, S.D. and Wilkins, L.J. (1989) Relationship between wing flapping at shackling and red wingtips in chicken carcases. Veterinary Record 124: 62CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holloway, J.A., Trouth, C.O., Weight, L.E. and Keyser, G.F. (1980) Cutaneous receptive field characteristics of primary afferents and dorsal horn cells in the avian (Gallus domesticus). Experimental Neurology 68: 477488CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
HMSO (1967) The Slaughter of Poultry Act 1967. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
HMSO (1984) The Slaughter of Poultry (Humane Conditions) Regulations 1984. Statutory Instruments 1984 No. 2056. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
HMSO (1990) The Slaughter of Poultry (Humane Conditions) (Amendment) Regulations 1990. Statutory Instruments 1990 No. 1243. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
HMSO (1991) The Slaughter of Poultry (Licenses and Specified Qualifications) Regulations 1991. Statutory Instruments 1991 No. 1676. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
International Association For The Study of Pain (1979) Pain terms: list with definitions and notes on usage. Pain 6: 249252Google Scholar
Kettlewell, P.J. and Hallworth, R. N. (1990) Electrical stunning of chickens. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 47: 139151CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kestin, S.C., Knowles, T.G., Tinch, A.E. and Gregory, N.G. (1992) Prevalence of leg weakness in broiler chickens and its relationship with genotype. Veterinary Record 131: 190194CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MAFF (1982) Report on the Welfare of Poultry at the Time of Slaughter. Farm Animal Welfare Council. Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
MAFF (1991) Code of Practice on the Welfare of Poultry at Slaughter. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
MAFF (1993) Agriculture in the United Kingdom: 1992. Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonGoogle Scholar
Martin, D. (Ed.) (1993) Watt Poultry Yearbook: International Edition. Section 3 World Chicken Slaughterings and Poultry Meat Output. Watt Publishing, Mount Morris, Illinois, USAGoogle Scholar
Roumy, M. and Leitner, L.M. (1973) Activities afferentes provenant de bec superieur de la poule domestique. Compte Rendu de l'Academie de Sciences Paris 277: 17911794Google Scholar
Zimmermann, M. (1986) Behavioural investigations of pain in animals. In: Assessing Pain in Farm Animals (Eds Duncan, I.J.H. and Moloney, V.), Commission of the European Communities, LuxembourgGoogle Scholar