Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T13:49:49.520Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterisation of Saudi native chicken breeds: a case study of morphological and productive traits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2017

M.M. FATHI ,
I. AL-HOMIDAN ,
O.K. ABOU-EMERA  and
A. AL-MOSHAWAH
M.M. FATHI*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt
I. AL-HOMIDAN
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
O.K. ABOU-EMERA
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt
A. AL-MOSHAWAH
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
*
Corresponding author: mmfathi@fulbrightmail.org
Get access

Abstract

Native or local chicken breeds play an important role in the rural sector and small households in developing countries, as well as provide a reservoir of potentially useful genetics for commercial strains. Standardisation and classification of the available native chicken populations based on morphological appearance, coupled with genetic diversity are necessary to conserve them for genetic improvement strategies. Most of the studies conducted on Saudi native chickens to evaluate their productive performance usually ignore the genetic origin and purity of the breed. Despite most native chickens having poor productivity, people in Saudi Arabia traditionally raise these chickens for their preferred eggs and ornamented appearance. The majority of such native chickens are maintained in rural communities and household poultry farms however, some native chickens with genes such as naked neck (Na), frizzle (F) and crest (Cr) are kept by poultry fanciers in small populations. These genotypes exhibit better performance under hot environmental conditions, a trait that may be useful in commercial strains. Six Saudi native chicken populations have been recognised and characterised. Their morphological characteristics, plumage appearance and productive performance have extensively been studied and documented in the current review.

Keywords

Saudi native chickenmajor genesnaked neckfrizzlecrested headmorphological appearance
Type
Reviews
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 73 , Issue 4 , December 2017 , pp. 916 - 927
Copyright
Copyright © World's Poultry Science Association 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ADOMAKO, K., OLYMPIO, O.S., HAGAN, J.K. and HAMIDU, J.A. (2014a) Growth performance of crossbred naked neck and normal feathered laying hens kept in tropical villages. British Poultry Science 55: 701-708.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
ADOMAKO, K., OLYMPIO, O.S., HAGAN, J.K. and HAMIDU, J.A. (2014b) Effect of the frizzle gene (F) on egg production and egg quality of laying hens kept in tropical villages. British Poultry Science 55: 709-714.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
AHMED, A.S. and AL-ABBAD, A.H. (2014) First Report about Growth, Partial Record Egg Production and Morphological Characters of a Newly Characterized Native Saudi Chicken Lines Hajar 1 and Hajar 2, in: FAROOQ, S.A., ABED, R.M.M. & BAQIR, S. (Eds) Biotechnology and Conservation of Species from Arid Regions, Vol. 1, Chapter 10, pp: 105-114 (Nova Science Publisher Inc., USA).Google Scholar
AHMED, A.S., AL-YOUSIF, Y.M. and NAJIB, H. (2009) Effect of dietary high levels of heat treated locally produced flaxseeds on body weight gain and immune response of pre-layer local chicken. Egyptian Poultry Science 29: 821-835.Google Scholar
ALBOKHADAIM, I. (2012) Hematological and some biochemical values of indigenous chickens in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia during summer season. Asian Journal of Poultry Science 6: 138-145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
AL-HOMOD, A.H. (2016) Characterization of Saudi chicken breeds for productive performance and egg quality. MSc Thesis, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.Google Scholar
AL-MOSHAWAH, A. (2015) Determination of immunogenetics in local breeds of chickens. MSc Thesis, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.Google Scholar
AL-YOUSEF, M.Y. (2007) A survey study on the distribution of Saudi baladi chickens and their characteristics. International Journal of Poultry Science 6: 289-292.Google Scholar
AL-YOUSEF, Y. and NAJIB, H. (1997) Further studies on the response of Saudi baladi (local) chickens to different levels of protein. Journal of Applied Animal Research 12: 169-172, DOI: 10.1080/09712119.1997.9706203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ARIYADI, B., SIDADOLOG, J.H.P., HARIMURTI, S., SUDARYATI, S. and WIHANDOYO, W. (2015) Qualitative analysis of non-feather distributions as a phenotype and genotype in the Indonesian indigenous naked neck chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science 14: 348-353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ATTIA, F.M., AL SOBAYEL, A.A., BAYOUMI, M.S. and EL-BADRY, M.A. (1991) Effect of rearing regimen and age of bird on egg weight and weight of the component parts of Saudi Arabian Baladi chicken eggs. Journal of King Saud University 3: 43-56.Google Scholar
CHEN, C., GOURICHON, D., HUANG, N., LEE, Y., BORDAS, A. and TIXIER-BOICHARD, M. (2009) Performance comparison of dwarf laying hens segregating for the naked neck gene in temperate and subtropical environments. Genetics Selection Evolution 41: 1-13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
CRAWFORD, R.D. (1990) Poultry genetic resources: evolution, diversity and conservation, in: CRAWFORD, R.D. (Ed.) Poultry Breeding and Genetics, pp. 43-60 (Elsevier, Amsterdam).Google Scholar
EL-SAFTY, S.A. (2012) Comparative study on some immunological traits in two different genetic groups of chicken. Veterinary World 5: 645-650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EL-SAFTY, S.A., ALI, U.M. and FATHI, M.M. (2006) Immunological parameters and laying performance of naked neck and normally feathered genotypes of chicken under winter conditions of Egypt. International Journal of Poultry Science 5: 780-785.Google Scholar
FAO (2009) Status and trends report on animal genetic resources. CGRFA/WG-AnGR-5/09/Inf. 7.Google Scholar
FATHI, M.M., ALI, R.A. and QURESHI, M.A. (2003) Comparison of immune responses of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) hyper-and hypo-responsive genotypes of chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science 2 (5): 280-286.Google Scholar
FATHI, M.M., FAHMY, M.O., AL-HOMIDAN, I. and AL-MOSHAWAH, A. (2013) Egg quality aspects of Saudi and White Leghorn laying hens with special reference to eggshell strength. British Poultry Abstracts 9 (1): 39-40.Google Scholar
FATHI, M.M., FAHMY, M.O., AL-HOMIDAN, I., ABOU-EMERA, O.K. and AL-HOMOD, A. (2014) Carcass yield of Saudi chicken breeds raised under high ambient temperature. PSA Annual Meeting, Corpus Christi, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA. Poultry Science 93 (Suppl. 1): 105.Google Scholar
FATHI, M.M., AL-HOMIDAN, I., ABOU-EMERA, O.K. and AL-MOSHAWAH, A. (2016) Immunocompetence profile of Saudi native chickens compared to exotic breeds under high environmental temperature. International Journal of Poultry Science 15 (7): 287-292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FATHI, M.M., AL-HOMIDAN, I., MOTAWEI, M.I., EL-ZAREI, M.F. and ABOU-EMERA, O.K. (2017) Evaluation of genetic diversity of Saudi native chicken populations using microsatellite markers. Poultry Science 96: 330-336, http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew357 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
HALIMA, H., NESER, F.W.C., VAN MARLE-KOSTER, E. and DE KOCK, A. (2007) Village-based indigenous chicken production system in north-west Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production 39: 189-197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
HOFFMANN, I. (2005) Research and investment in poultry genetic resources - challenges and options for sustainable use. World's Poultry Science Journal 61: 57-70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HOFFMANN, I. (2009) Open questions on poultry genetic diversity. Proceeding of the 6th European Poultry Genetic Symposium, Poland, pp. 61-73.Google Scholar
HORST, P. (1988) Native fowl as reservoir for genomes and major genes with direct and indirect effects on production adaptability. Proceedings of the 18th World Poultry Congress, Nagoya, Japan, pp. 105.Google Scholar
HORST, P. (1989) Native fowl as a reservoir for genomes and major genes with direct and indirect effect on the adaptability and their potential for tropically oriented breeding plans. Archiv für Guflügelkunde 53 (3): 93-101.Google Scholar
KATULE, A. (1989) Studies on prospects of improving the performance of the local chicken population in Tanzania by crossbreeding. Ph.D. Thesis, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, United Republic of Tanzania.Google Scholar
MAGOTHE, T.M., MUHUYI, W.B. and KAHI, A.K. (2010) Influence of major genes for crested-head, frizzle-feather and naked-neck on body weights and growth patterns of indigenous chickens reared intensively in Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 42: 173-183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MELESSE, A. (2014) Significance of scavenging chicken production in the rural community of Africa for enhanced food security. World's Poultry Science Journal 70: 593-606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MELESSE, A. and NEGESSE, T. (2011) Phenotypic and morphological characterization of Indigenous chicken population in Southern region of Ethiopia. Animal Genetic Resources 49: 19-31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MINGA, U., MSOFFE, P. and GWAKISA, P. (2004) Biodiversity in disease resistance and in pathogens within rural chickens. Proceedings of the 22nd World's Poultry Congress, Istanbul, Turkey.Google Scholar
MTILENI, B.J., MUCHADEYI, F.C., MAIWASHE, A., GROENEVELD, E., GROENEVELD, L.F., DZAMA, K. and WEIGEND, S. (2012) Genetic diversity and conservation of South African indigenous chicken populations. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 128: 209-218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NAJIB, H. and AL-YOUSEF, Y. (2014) Egg size of Saudi local layers as affected by line of the bird (body weight at sexual maturity) and dietary fat level. International Journal of Poultry Science 13 (8): 442-448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NGENO, K., VANDER WAAIJ, E.H. and KAHI, A.K. (2014) Indigenous chicken genetic resources in Kenya: their unique attributes and conservation options for improved use. World's Poultry Science Journal 70 (1): 173-184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
OSEI-AMPONSAH, R., BOA-AMPONSEM, K., KAYANG, B.B. and NAAZIE, A. (2013) Characterization of primary immune response in Ghanaian local, Sasso T-44 and broiler chickens to sheep red blood cell antigens. Animal Genetic Resources 53: 51-55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
PAVLOVSKI, Z., ŠKRBIĆ, Z., LUKIĆ, M., VITOROVIĆ, D., PETRIČEVIĆ, V. and MILOŠEVIĆ, N. (2009) Naked neck chicken of Serbian and foreign origin: carcass characteristic. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 25: 1023-1032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RAJU, M.V.L.N., SHYAM SUNDER, G., CHAWAK, M.M., RAMA RAO, S.V. and SADAGOPAN, V.R. (2004) Response of naked neck (Nana) and normal (nana) broiler chickens to dietary energy levels in a subtropical climate. British Poultry Science 45: 186-193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
REDDY, M.V., PREETAM, V.C., REDDY, A.R., RAJ KUMAR, U., REDDY, V.R., GAUTHAM, K., HAREESH, D. and VISHNU, P.G. (2015) Phenotypic characterization of Indian naked neck chicken under tropical climatic conditions. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10: 527-536.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ROMANOV, M.N., WEZYK, S., CYWA-BENKO, K. and SAKHATSKY, N.I. (1996) Poultry genetic resources in the countries of Eastern Europe: History and current state. Poultry and Avian Biology 7: 1-29.Google Scholar
SHARIFI, A.R., HORST, P. and SIMIANER, H. (2010) The effect of naked neck gene and ambient temperature and their interaction on reproductive traits of heavy broiler dams. Poultry Science 89:1360-1371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SINGH, D.P., JOHRI, T.S., SINGH, U.B., NARAYAN, R. and SINGH, D. (2004) CARI Nirbheek - desirable substitute of native scavenging chicken. Proceedings of the 22nd World's Poultry Congress, Istanbul, Turkey.Google Scholar
TIRAWATTANAWANICH, C., CHANTAKRU, S., NIMITSANTIWONG, W. and TONGYAI, S. (2011) The effects of tropical environmental conditions on the stress and immune responses of commercial broilers, Thai indigenous chickens, and crossbred chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 20:409-420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar