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The development and expression of pluripotency genes in embryos derived from nuclear transfer and in vitro fertilization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2013

Li-Bing Ma*
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics, Physics and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Aerding Avenue No. 7, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014010, China. Institute of Bioengineering & Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
Xiao-Ying He
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics, Physics and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China. Institute of Bioengineering & Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
Feng-Mei Wang
Affiliation:
School of Farm and Garden Engineering, Baotou Light Industry Vocational Technical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
Jun-Wei Cao
Affiliation:
College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
Teng Cheng
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics, Physics and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
*
All correspondence to: Li-Bing Ma. School of Mathematics, Physics and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Aerding Avenue No. 7, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014010, China. Tel: +86 15848638996. Fax: +86 04725954358. e-mail address: mlb-xn2004@163.com

Summary

Somatic cell nuclear transfer can be used to produce embryonic stem (ES) cells, cloned animals, and can even increase the population size of endangered animals. However, the application of this technique is limited by the low developmental rate of cloned embryos, a situation that may result from abnormal expression of some zygotic genes. In this study, sheep–sheep intra-species cloned embryos, goat–sheep inter-species cloned embryos, or sheep in vitro fertilized embryos were constructed and cultured in vitro and the developmental ability and expression of three pluripotency genes, SSEA-1, Nanog and Oct4, were examined. The results showed firstly that the developmental ability of in vitro fertilized embryos was significantly higher than that of cloned embryos. In addition, the percentage of intra-species cloned embryos that developed to morula or blastocyst stages was also significantly higher than that of the inter-species cloned embryos. Secondly, all three types of embryos expressed SSEA-1 at the 8-cell and morula stages. At the 8-cell stage, a higher percentage of in vitro fertilized embryos expressed SSEA-1 than occurred for cloned embryos. However, at the morula stage, all detected embryos could express SSEA-1. Thirdly, the three types of embryos expressed Oct4 mRNA at the morula and blastocyst stages, and embryos at the blastocyst stage expressed Nanog mRNA. The rate of expression of Oct4 and Nanog mRNA at these developmental stages was higher in in vitro fertilized embryos than in cloned embryos. These results indicated that, during early development, the failure to reactivate some pluripotency genes maybe is a reason for the low cloning efficiency found with cloned embryos.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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