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Effect of cytochalasins B and D on the developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in miniature pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2008

Satoshi Sugimura ,
Manabu Kawahara ,
Takuya Wakai ,
Ken-ichi Yamanaka ,
Hiroshi Sasada  and
Eimei Sato
Satoshi Sugimura*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
Manabu Kawahara
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
Takuya Wakai
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
Ken-ichi Yamanaka
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
Hiroshi Sasada
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
Eimei Sato
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
*
All correspondence to Satoshi Sugimura. Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. Tel: +81 22 717 8687. Fax: +81 22 717 8687. e-mail: s-sugimura@bios.tohoku.ac.jp
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Summary

In many animals, cytochalasins have generally been used as cytoskeletal inhibitors for the diploid complement retention of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. However, limited information is available on the effects of cytochalasins on the in vitro development of SCNT embryos. Hence, we compared the effects of cytochalasin B (CB) and cytochalasin D (CD) on pseudo-polar body (pPB) extrusion, cortical actin filament (F-actin) distribution in porcine parthenogenetic oocytes and in vitro development of SCNT embryos that were reconstructed using foetal fibroblasts in the G0/G1 phase derived from miniature pigs. CB (7.5 μg/ml) and CD (2.5 μg/ml) treatments effectively inhibited pPB extrusion in SCNT embryos. CB (2.5 μg/ml) treatment could not inhibit pPB extrusion and insufficiently destabilized F-actin immediately following artificial activation. In parthenogenetic oocytes treated with 2.5 μg/ml CD, normal reorganization and uniform distribution of cortical F-actin at the cytoplasmic membrane were observed at 8 h after artificial activation; this finding was similar to that of control oocytes. In contrast, parthenogenetic oocytes treated with 7.5 μg/ml CB showed non-uniform distribution of F-actin at 8 h after artificial activation. On day 5 after in vitro cultivation, the blastocyst formation rate of SCNT embryos treated with 2.5 μg/ml CD was significantly higher than that of SCNT embryos treated with 2.5 and 7.5 μg/ml CB (p < 0.05). Hence, the present findings suggest that CD is more effective than CB as the cytoskeletal inhibitor for the production of SCNT embryos in miniature pigs.

Keywords

Cytoskeletal inhibitorF-actinMiniature pigsNuclear transfer and oocytes
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , May 2008 , pp. 153 - 159
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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