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Phenotypic characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) revealed promising genotypes for moisture stress conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2023

P. Lora Anusha ,
P. Ratnakumar Open the ORCID record for P. Ratnakumar [Opens in a new window] ,
B. B. Pandey ,
P. Sandhya Rani ,
V. Umamahesh ,
M. Reddi Sekhar ,
V. Chandrika ,
Praduman Yadav ,
S. Mohapatra  and
D. Padmaja
P. Lora Anusha
Affiliation:
ICAR – Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
P. Ratnakumar*
Affiliation:
ICAR – Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
B. B. Pandey
Affiliation:
ICAR – Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
P. Sandhya Rani
Affiliation:
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
V. Umamahesh
Affiliation:
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
M. Reddi Sekhar
Affiliation:
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
V. Chandrika
Affiliation:
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
Praduman Yadav
Affiliation:
ICAR – Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
S. Mohapatra
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Bidhyadharpur Arilo, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India
D. Padmaja
Affiliation:
RARS, PJTSAU, Polasa, Jagityal, Telangana, India
*
Corresponding author: P. Ratnakumar, E-mail: pratnakumar@gmail.com
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Abstract

Soil moisture deficit is the major constraint for sesame crop production during its main rainfed and summer cultivation seasons. In summer cultivation, the crop frequently gets exposed to soil moisture deficit at various crop growth stages. Therefore, it is essential to identify the traits along with promising genotypes adapted to soil moisture deficit. A set of 35 sesame genotypes with checks was used to quantify the variation in morpho-physiological, yield, and quality traits under irrigated (WW) and deficit soil moisture stress (WS) conditions in the summer seasons of 2021 and 2022. The analysis of variance revealed the presence of high variability among the genotypes for various measured traits. The mean performance indicated that WS negatively affects the growth, development, yield and quality traits. Moreover, the correlation, path analysis and D2 analysis studies suggested that the traits, viz. leaf area (LA), total dry matter (TDM), canopy temperature (CT), number of branches per plant (NBP) and number of seeds per capsule (NSC) were significantly associated with seed yield under both the conditions. Quality traits like palmitic acid and oleic acid correlated positively with seed yield, particularly under WS. Furthermore, the genotypes with lower canopy temperatures were found to be better seed yielders under WS. In addition, mean performance and cluster analysis suggested that the genotypes: IC- 205776, JSCDT-112, JCSDT-26, IC-205610, and IC-204300, secured higher seed yield along with superior agronomical traits and net photosynthetic rate. These selected genotypes were most promising and could be used in future sesame crop improvement programmes.

Keywords

Correlation matrixD2 analysisdeficit soil moisturemultivariate analysispath analysissesame
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , June 2023 , pp. 218 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of National Institute of Agricultural Botany

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally.

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