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Contents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2021

Katrina F. McNally
Katrina F. McNally
Affiliation:
Eckerd College, Florida

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Chapter
Information
Representing the Disadvantaged
Group Interests and Legislator Reputation in US Congress
 , pp. vii - xi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NC
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Contents

  1. List of Figures

  2. List of Tables

  3. Acknowledgments

  4. 1Introduction

    1. 1.1The Case for Studying the Representation of Disadvantaged Groups

    2. 1.2Instances of Disadvantaged-Group Advocacy

    3. 1.3Big Questions Addressed by This Book

    4. 1.4Overview of the Book

  5. 2Member Reputation and the Advocacy Window: An Integrated Theory of Representation

    1. 2.1Prior Literature

      1. 2.1.1Defining Constituency

      2. 2.1.2What Does It Mean To Be Represented?

      3. 2.1.3Inequalities in Representation

    2. 2.2Representing the Disadvantaged

      1. 2.2.1The Group-Centric Nature of Representation

      2. 2.2.2The Crucial Puzzle behind Disadvantaged-Group Advocacy

      3. 2.2.3Disadvantaged Groups in the United States

      4. 2.2.4Perceived Deservingness of Government Assistance

    3. 2.3Representation and the Advocacy Window

      1. 2.3.1The Advocacy Window

      2. 2.3.2Perceived Deservingness of Assistance and the Advocacy Window

      3. 2.3.3Party Effects

      4. 2.3.4Descriptive Representatives

    4. 2.4Legislative Reputations in the House and the Senate

    5. 2.5Conclusion

  6. 3Member Reputation

    1. 3.1What Is a Legislative Reputation?

      1. 3.1.1Emergent Properties

      2. 3.1.2Reputation Is Not Synonymous with Any Specific Action

      3. 3.1.3The Eye of the Beholder

    2. 3.2Why Do Members of Congress Seek to Build Legislative Reputations?

      1. 3.2.1Limited Political Knowledge

      2. 3.2.2Group-Based Understandings

      3. 3.2.3Playing the Long Game

    3. 3.3Measuring Reputation

      1. 3.3.1CQ’s Politics in America

      2. 3.3.2Advantages of an “Inside the Beltway” Measure

      3. 3.3.3Operationalizing Reputation

    4. 3.4Reputation for Disadvantaged-Group Advocacy in Congress, 1993–2014

      1. 3.4.1Variation in Reputations for Advocacy across Groups

      2. 3.4.2Party Affiliation and Reputation for Group Advocacy

      3. 3.4.3Reputations for Advocacy in the Senate and the House

      4. 3.4.4Unpacking Reputation

    5. 3.5Wielding Influence as a Disadvantaged-Group Advocate

      1. 3.5.1Rosa DeLauro and the Fight for Pay Equity for Women

      2. 3.5.2Rick Renzi and the Push for Native American Housing Reform

    6. 3.6Conclusion

  7. 4The Choice to Be a Disadvantaged-Group Advocate in the House of Representatives

    1. 4.1Group Size

      1. 4.1.1Measuring Group Size

    2. 4.2Ambient Temperature

      1. 4.2.1Measuring Group Affect

      2. 4.2.2Estimating State and District Ambient Temperature

      3. 4.2.3Interpreting Ambient Temperature Estimates

    3. 4.3Group Size and Ambient Temperature: Related but Distinct Concepts

    4. 4.4Modeling Reputation Formation

      1. 4.4.1Alternative Explanatory Variables

    5. 4.5Group Size, Ambient Temperature, and Member Reputation

      1. 4.5.1Veterans and Seniors

      2. 4.5.2LGBTQ and Racial/Ethnic Minorities

      3. 4.5.3Immigrants and the Poor

      4. 4.5.4Women

    6. 4.6The Relationship between Group Size and Ambient Temperature

      1. 4.6.1Veterans, Seniors, Racial/Ethnic Minorities, LGBTQ Individuals

      2. 4.6.2Women, Immigrants, and the Poor

    7. 4.7Descriptive Representatives and Member Reputation

      1. 4.7.1Veterans, Racial/Ethnic Minorities, and the LGBTQ Community

      2. 4.7.2Women, Immigrants, and the Poor

      3. 4.7.3Interactive Effects of Descriptive Representation on Reputation

      4. 4.7.4The Advocacy Window

    8. 4.8Conclusions

  8. 5The Choice to Be a Disadvantaged-Group Advocate in the US Senate

    1. 5.1Constituency Characteristics: Group Size and Ambient Temperature

      1. 5.1.1Group Size

      2. 5.1.2Ambient Temperature

    2. 5.2Reputations for Disadvantaged-Group Advocacy in the US Senate

    3. 5.3Group Size, Ambient Temperature, and Reputation Formation in the Senate

      1. 5.3.1Veterans and Seniors

      2. 5.3.2LGBTQ and Racial/Ethnic Minorities

      3. 5.3.3Immigrants and the Poor

      4. 5.3.4Women

      5. 5.3.5Discussion

    4. 5.4Alternative Drivers of Reputation Formation in the US Senate

      1. 5.4.1Electoral Insecurity

      2. 5.4.2In-State Differentiation

      3. 5.4.3Collective Amplification

    5. 5.5Institutional Environment, Electoral History, and Reputation Formation

      1. 5.5.1Veterans and Seniors

      2. 5.5.2LGBTQ and Racial/Ethnic Minorities

      3. 5.5.3Immigrants and the Poor

      4. 5.5.4Women

      5. 5.5.5Discussion

    6. 5.6Descriptive Representation and Reputation Formation in the US Senate

      1. 5.6.1Modeling Reputation Formation for Descriptive Representatives

    7. 5.7The Impact of Descriptive Representation on Senator Reputation

      1. 5.7.1Veterans, Seniors, and Racial/Ethnic Minorities

      2. 5.7.2Immigrants, the Poor, and Women

      3. 5.7.3Interactive Effects of Descriptive Representation on Reputation

    8. 5.8The Advocacy Window and the US Senate

    9. 5.9Conclusion

  9. 6Reputation-Building Tactics in the Senate and House of Representatives

    1. 6.1Reputation and the Use of Representational Tools: Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship

    2. 6.2When Do Members of Congress Use Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship as Reputation-Building Tactics?

      1. 6.2.1Bill Cosponsorship

      2. 6.2.2Bill Sponsorship

      3. 6.2.3Differences in Expectations between the House and the Senate

    3. 6.3Evaluating Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Activity

      1. 6.3.1Reputation

      2. 6.3.2Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship

      3. 6.3.3Other Variables

    4. 6.4Upholding Reputations for Group Advocacy Using Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship

      1. 6.4.1Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Activity in the House of Representatives

      2. 6.4.2Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Activity in the Senate

    5. 6.5Bill Sponsorship and Cosponsorship and the Committee Structure

      1. 6.5.1Committee Structure and the Choice of Representative Actions

    6. 6.6Impact of Committee-Group Alignment on Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Decisions

      1. 6.6.1Measuring Committee Membership

      2. 6.6.2Committee-Group Alignment and Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Activity in the House of Representatives

      3. 6.6.3Committee-Group Alignment and Sponsorship and Cosponsorship Activity in the Senate

    7. 6.7Conclusion

  10. 7Conclusions

    1. 7.1Legislative Reputations as an Essential Conduit for Representation

      1. 7.1.1Normative Implications

    2. 7.2Member Reputation and the Advocacy Window

      1. 7.2.1Normative Implications

    3. 7.3The Representation of Racial/Ethnic Minorities

      1. 7.3.1Normative Implications

    4. 7.4Next Steps for This Research Agenda

    5. 7.5Concluding Thoughts

  11. Appendices

  12. References

  13. Index

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