Abbreviations
- ABV
alcohol by volume
- AGEE
Guinean Environmental Assessment Agency
- AI
artificial intelligence
- ANEEL
Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica/National Electric Energy Agency
- ASEAN
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
- ATC
Africa Tech Challenge
- AVIC
China Aviation Industry Corporation
- BCE
Before Common Era
- BIT
bilateral investment treaty
- BMTE
Belo Monte Transmissora de Energia
- BNDES
Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social/Brazil’s Development Bank
- BOI
Board of Investment
- BRI
Belt and Road Initiative
- BVI
British Virgin Islands
- CADE
Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica/Administrative Council for Economic Defense
- CCCC
China Communication Construction Company
- CCP
Chinese Communist Party
- CCU
Compañía de las Cervecerías Unidas
- CEA
Central Environmental Authority
- CEO
Chief Executive Officer
- CFIUS
Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States
- CFO
Chief Financial Officer
- CFPA
China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation
- CHNG
China Huaneng Group
- CIB
Corporate and Investment Banking
- CIECC
China International Engineering Consulting Corporation
- CLA
Casino License Agreement
- CNMI
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
- COIP
Chinese Overseas Industrial Park
- CPC
Colombo Port City
- CPCEC
Colombo Port City Economic Commission
- CPEP
Colombo Port Expansion Project
- CPFL
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz
- CPSES
Comités Préfectoraux de Suivi Environnemental et Social/Prefectural Committee for Environmental and Social Monitoring
- CSO
civil society organization
- CSPC
China State Power Corporation
- CSR
corporate social responsibility
- CTAE
Comité Technique d’Analyse Environnementale/Technical Committee for Analysis and Assessment
- CTEA
Center for Transnational Environmental Accountability
- DC
direct current
- DRAM
dynamic random-access memory
- DSSI
Debt Service Suspension Initiative
- EAR
Export Administration Regulations
- EHS
environmental, health and safety
- EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment
- EPC
engineering, procurement, and construction
- EPE
Empresa de Pesquisa Energética/Energy Research Office
- ESG
environmental, social and governance
- ESIA
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
- ESMP
Environmental and Social Management Plan
- FBI
Federal Bureau of Investigation
- FDI
foreign direct investment
- FEZ
free economic zone
- FOB
free on board
- FOCAC
Forum on China-Africa Cooperation
- FTA
free trade agreement
- FTZ
free trade zone
- GCC
Gulf Cooperation Council
- GDP
gross domestic product
- GHG
greenhouse gas
- GOSL
Government of Sri Lanka
- HVDC
high-voltage direct current
- IC
integrated circuit
- ICBC
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
- ICBCS
ICBC Standard Bank Plc
- ICCPR
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
- ICESCR
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- ICP
internet content providers
- ICSID
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
- ICT
information and communication technology
- IEEPA
International Emergency Economic Powers Act
- IFC
International Finance Corporation
- IMF
International Monetary Fund
- IPCC
Intellectual Property and Commercial Court
- IPI
Imperial Pacific International
- IPIH
Imperial Pacific International Holdings
- IPO
initial public offering
- JICA
Japan International Cooperation Agency
- JSE
Johannesburg Stock Exchange
- JV
joint ventures
- JVA
Joint Venture Agreement
- M&A
mergers and acquisitions
- MCC
Metallurgical Corporation of China
- MDT
Les Mêmes Droits pour Tous
- MEDD
Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable/Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development
- MENA
Middle Eastern and North African
- MMT
Micron Memory Taiwan
- MOEAIC
Investment Commission of the Ministry of Economic Affairs
- MOEST
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
- MOFCOM
Ministry of Commerce
- MOU
memorandum of understanding
- MSR
Maritime Silk Road
- NAV
net asset value
- NDRC
National Development and Reform Commission
- NEPZA
Nigeria Export Processing Zones Authority
- NGO
nongovernmental organization
- NHAR
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
- NIS
Nigerian Immigration Service
- NPCSC
Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of China
- NSG
New South Group
- NYS
National Youth Service
- NYSE
New York Stock Exchange
- ODI
overseas direct investment
- OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- OFDI
outbound foreign direct investment
- OGFTZ
Ogun Guangdong Free Trade Zone
- OPAZ
Public Authority for Special Economic Zones and Free Zones
- OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- PAA
Project Approving Agency
- PAO
Public Offer for Acquisition
- PBOC
People’s Bank of China
- PES
Philadelphia Energy Solutions
- PF
Patriotic Front
- PLAN
People’s Liberation Army Navy
- PPP
purchasing power parity
- PR
public relations
- PRC
People’s Republic of China
- R&D
research and development
- RAP
receita anual permitida/annual allowed revenue
- REIES
Environmental and Social Impact Study Report
- RIT
right to information
- SAFE
State Administration for Foreign Exchange
- SAMR
State Administration for Market Regulation
- SB
Standard Bank
- SBGL
Standard Bank Group Limited
- SBIC
Standard Bank Investment Corporation
- SBLH
Standard Bank London Holdings Limited
- SCARC
Standing Cabinet Appointed Review Committee
- SDG
Sustainable Development Goals
- SDP
Strategic Development Projects
- SEAI
Supplementary Environmental Impact Assessment
- SASAC
State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
- SEZ
special economic zone
- SEZAD
Special Economic Zone at Duqm
- SGBH
State Grid Brazil Holding
- SGBP
State Grid Brazil Power
- SGCC
State Grid Corporation of China
- SGID
State Grid International Development Limited
- SLPA
Sri Lanka Ports Authority
- SMB
Société Minière de Boké
- SME
small and medium-sized enterprise
- SNCPM
Service National de Coordination des Projets Miniers/National Service for the Coordination of Mining Projects
- SOE
state-owned enterprise
- SPV
Special Purpose Vehicle
- TJLP
taxa de juros de longo prazo/long-term interest rate
- TSA
Transportation Security Administration
- TVE
township and village enterprise
- TVET
Technical, Vocational and Entrepreneurship Training
- TVGI
Top View Grid Investment Limited
- UDA
Urban Development Authority
- UHVDC
ultra-high-voltage direct current
- UMC
United Microelectronics Corporation
- UN
United Nations
- UNDRIP
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
- UNESCO
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
- UNFCCC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- UNGPS
United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
- UNCITRAL
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
- USAID
United States Agency for International Development
- USDOL
United States Department of Labor
- USP
unsolicited proposal
- USTR
United States Trade Representative
- VIE
variable interest entity
- WMP
wealth management product
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