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Les effets de la méditation de pleine conscience sur les symptômes cognitivo- émotionnels dans le trouble cognitif léger et la maladie d’Alzheimer : une revue de littérature narrative

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2023

Sandrine Kalenzaga Open the ORCID record for Sandrine Kalenzaga [Opens in a new window]  and
David Clarys
Sandrine Kalenzaga*
Affiliation:
UMR-CNRS 7295 Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage, Université de Poitiers, 5, rue Théodore Lefebvre, 86000 Poitiers, France
David Clarys
Affiliation:
UMR-CNRS 7295 Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage, Université de Tours, 3 rue des Tanneurs, B.P. 4103, 37041 Tours Cedex 1
*
Corresponding author: Sandrine Kalenzaga; Email: sandrine.kalenzaga@univ-poitiers.fr
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Résumé

La maladie d’Alzheimer se manifeste par des troubles de la mémoire et un déclin cognitif plus général, le plus souvent associés à des troubles de l’humeur et du comportement. Les traitements médicamenteux ayant une efficacité assez modeste, il apparaît nécessaire de leur associer une prise en charge non pharmacologique. La méditation de pleine conscience, qui a des effets bénéfiques sur le fonctionnement cognitif et sur l’état émotionnel, semble être une piste intéressante. Cette revue de littérature narrative se propose de recenser les études ayant testé l’efficacité d’une intervention basée sur la pleine conscience auprès de personnes souffrant de la maladie d’Alzheimer ou à risque de développer cette maladie. Il apparaît que ces interventions présentent un intérêt pour réduire les symptômes cognitifs (troubles attentionnels et mnésiques notamment) et émotionnels (affects dépressifs et anxiété en particulier). Cependant, elles nécessitent un certain nombre de modifications pour être adaptées à ce public.

Abstract

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by memory disorders and global cognitive decline, along with affective and behavioral symptoms. Considering drugs have limited effects, it seems necessary to use non-pharmacological interventions in order to reduce the symptoms of dementia. Mindfulness, which has positive effects on cognitive functioning and emotional state, would be a promising therapeutic option. The present narrative literature review examines the studies that tested the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for people with, or at risk of, Alzheimer’s disease. The results indicate that mindfulness-based interventions reduce the cognitive symptoms (attention and memory deficits) as well as the emotional symptoms (depression and anxiety in particular) of dementia. However, those interventions need to be adapted to older adults.

Keywords

maladie d’Alzheimerméditation de pleine consciencetroubles cognitifssymptômes émotionnelsAlzheimer’s diseasemindfulnesscognitive disordersemotional symptoms
Type
Article
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 43 , Issue 2 , June 2024 , pp. 217 - 229
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Copyright
© Canadian Association on Gerontology 2023

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