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International Instruments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2023

Froukje Maria Platjouw
Affiliation:
Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)
Alla Pozdnakova
Affiliation:
Universitetet i Oslo

Summary

Type
Chapter
Information
The Environmental Rule of Law for Oceans
Designing Legal Solutions
, pp. xix - xxii
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/
1946

Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, New York, 13 February 1946, in force 17 September 1946, 1 UNTS 15

1948

Convention on the International Maritime Organization, Geneva, 6 March 1948, in force 17 March 1958, 289 UNTS 3

1949

Convention between the United States of America and the Republic of Costa Rica for the Establishment of an Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, Washington, 31 May 1949, in force 3 March 1950, 80 UNTS 3

1969

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Vienna, 23 May 1969, in force 27 January 1980, 1155 UNTS 331; (1969) 8 ILM 679; UKTS (1980) 58

1972

Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, Washington/Moscow/London/Mexico City, adopted 29 December 1972, in force 30 August 1975, 1046 UNTS 120

1973

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Washington, 3 March 1973, in force 1 July 1975, 993 UNTS 243

1973

International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, London, 2 November 1973, 1340 UNTS 184, as Amended by the Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships of 1973, 17 February 1978, 1340 UNTS 61 (MARPOL)

1974

Helsinki Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, Helsinki, 22 March 1974, in force 3 May 1980, 1507 UNTS 166

1975

Convention for the Establishment of a European Space Agency, Paris, adopted 30 May 1975, in force 30 October 1980, 1297 UNTS 161

1978

International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, London, 7 July 1978, in force 28 April 1984, 1361 UNTS 2, 1362 UNTS 2

1979

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), Bonn, 23 June 1979 in force 1 November 1983, 1651 UNTS 333

1980

Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, Canberra, 20 May 1980, in force 4 April 1982, 1329 UNTS 47

1981

Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and Coastal Area of the South-East Pacific (Lima Convention), adopted on 12 November 1981

1982

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), Montego Bay, 10 December 1982, in force 16 November 1994, 1833 UNTS 397

1987

Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (Basel Convention) Basel, 22 March 1987, in force 5 May 1993, 1673 UNTS 57

1987

Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, Montreal, 16 September 1987, in force 1 January 1989, 1522 UNTS 3

1992

Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic, Paris, 22 September 1992, in force 25 March 1998 1993 2354 UNTS 67 (OSPAR Convention)

1992

Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, Helsinki, 9 April 1992, in force 17 January 2000, 2009 UNTS 197

1992

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, New York, 9 May 1992, in force 21 March 1994, 1771 UNTS 107

1992

Convention on Biological Diversity, Rio de Janeiro, 5 June 1992, in force 29 December 1993, 1760 UNTS 69

1992

Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic, Paris, 22 September 1992, in force 25 March 1998, 2354 UNTS 67

1993

Convention for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna, Canberra, 10 May 1993, in force 20 May 1994, 1819 UNTS 359

1993

Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels on the High Seas, Rome, 24 November 1993, in force 24 April 2003, 2221 UNTS 120

1993

Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 Relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (UNFSA), New York, 4 August 1995, in force 11 December 2001, 2167 UNTS 88

1995

Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean, Barcelona, 10 June 1995, in force 9 July 2004, 1102 UNTS 27

1996

International Law Commission Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and Security of Mankind (1996), Yearbook of the International Law Commission, 1996, vol. II

1997

Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, New York, 21 May 1997, in force 17 August 2014, 2999 UNTS

1997

Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto, 11 December 1997, in force 16 February 2005, 2303 UNTS 162

1998

1998 Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention), Aarhus, 25 June 1998, in force 30 October 2001, 2161 UNTS 447

1998

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Rome, 17 July 1998, in force 1 July 2002, 2187 UNTS 90

2000

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, Palermo, 12 December 2000, in force 29 September 2003, 2225 UNTS 209, 40 ILM 335 (2001)

2001

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome, 3 November 2001, in force 29 June 2004, 2400 UNTS 303

2001

Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (2001), Yearbook of the International Law Commission, 2001, vol. II (Part Two)

2002

Convention for Cooperation in the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the Northeast Pacific, Antigua, 18 February 2002 (Not yet in force). Available online at: www.ecolex.org (TRE-001350)

2009

Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Rome, 22 November 2009, in force 5 June 2016, 55 ILM 1157

2012

Convention on the Determination of the Minimal Conditions for Access and Exploitation of Marine Resources within the Maritime Areas under Jurisdiction of the Member States of the Sub-Regional Fisheries Commission, Dakar, 8 June 2012, in force 16 September 2012

2013

Protocol No. 16 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Strasbourg, 2 October 2013, in force 1 August 2018, Council of Europe Treaty Series – No. 214

2014

Agreement for the Establishment of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean as Amended by the General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean at Its First Special Session (May 1963), at Its Thirteenth Session (July 1976), at Its Twenty-Second Session (October 1997) and by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean at Its Thirty-Eighth Session (May 2014), Rome, 20 May 2014, in force 20 May 2014, 3041 UNTS A-1691

2015

Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris, 12 December 2015, in force 4 November 2016

2019

Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction, Revised Draft Text of an Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction, 4th sess., Annex, UN Doc A/CONF.232/2020/3, 18 November 2019 (Draft BBNJ Agreement)

2022

WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, 17 June 2022, WT/MIN(22)/33WT/L/1144 (not yet in force)

EU Legal Acts

  • Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Official Journal C 326, 26/10/2012 P. 1 – 390

Regulations

  • Regulation (EC) No 1367/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 September 2006 on the application of the provisions of the Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters to Community institutions and bodies

  • Council Regulation (EC) No 1005/2008 of 29 September 2008 establishing a Community system to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, amending Regulations (EEC) No 2847/93, (EC) No 1936/2001 and (EC) No 601/2004 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 1093/94 and (EC) No 1447/1999, OJ 2008 No. L 286, 29 October 2008 (EU IUU Regulation)

Directives

  • Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy: https://ec.europa.eu/environment/aarhus/legislation.htm (last accessed August 2021)

  • Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment

  • Directive 2003/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2003 on public access to environmental information and repealing Council Directive 90/313/EEC

  • Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 providing for public participation in respect of the drawing up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC

  • Directive 2009/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009, amending Directive 2005/35/EC on ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements

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