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Gender and rural-urban differences in hypertension among youth in India: Insights from a large scale survey, 2015-16

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2022

Ritu Rani Open the ORCID record for Ritu Rani [Opens in a new window] ,
Ajit Kumar Kannaujiya ,
Poushaly Talukdar  and
Ankit Sikarwar
Ritu Rani*
Affiliation:
International Institute for Population Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, Maharashtra-400088, India
Ajit Kumar Kannaujiya
Affiliation:
International Institute for Population Sciences, India
Poushaly Talukdar
Affiliation:
International Institute for Population Sciences, India
Ankit Sikarwar
Affiliation:
French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), France
*
*Corresponding author. Email: rituroy4@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Hypertension is considered one of the most persistent public health issues and the single largest contributor to avoidable morbidity and mortality in India. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in youths (15-29 years) by gender and rural-urban place of residence. Data from the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey – 2015-16 (n = 395,207) was utilised for the study. After estimation of the stratified prevalence of hypertension by various characteristics, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the correlates of hypertension. The results revealed that the prevalence of hypertension in youths at the national level varied from 9.16% (Meghalaya) to 3.34% (Delhi). The stratified analysis suggests pronounced gender differences in the prevalence of hypertension among youth with insignificant rural-urban differences, although the prevalence was higher in urban areas. Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was found higher for male youths living in urban areas (7.82%) and females in rural areas (5.08%). Concurrently, results from regression analysis also suggest higher odds of hypertension for males residing in urban areas for a variety of demographic, socioeconomic, and health-risk factors. Advancing age, having no education, living in the northeast region, being overweight/obese and high blood glucose level was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of hypertension for both the gender and place of residence. Public health awareness regarding blood pressure needs to be tailored differently for both males and females considering the place of residence. The study suggests that more research should focus on blood pressure/hypertension among children, adolescents and youth since they point towards adult blood pressure patterns.

Keywords

HypertensionGenderRural-Urban
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 55 , Issue 3 , May 2023 , pp. 523 - 537
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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